Advances in Food and Nutrition Research

The emulsifying and antioxidant properties of fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) for the physical and oxidative stabilization of 5% (by weight) fish oil-in-water emulsions were investigated. Muscle proteins from sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) were hydrolyzed to degrees of hydrolysis (DH) of 3-4-5-6% with subtilisin. Sardine hydrolysates with low DH, 3% and 4%, presented the most effective peptides to physically stabilize emulsions with smaller droplet size. This implied more protein adsorbed at the interface to act as physical barrier against prooxidants. This fact might also be responsible for the higher oxidative stability of these emulsions, as shown by their lowest peroxide value and concentration of volatiles such as 1-penten-3-one and 1-penten-3-ol. Among the hydrolysates prepared from small-spotted catshark only the hydrolysate with DH 3% yielded a physically stable emulsion with low concentration of unsaturated aldehydes. These results show the potential of FPH as alternative protein emulsifiers for the production of oxidatively stable fish oil-in-water emulsions.

Physical and oxidative stability of fish oil-in-water emulsions stabilized with fish protein hydrolysates

Researchers are nowadays focused on the importance of bioactive compounds (BACs) of natural origin, which are secondary metabolites derived from seeds, food and fermentation-based metabolic products. Several factors such as food matrix, molecule's size, environmental factors and association with gastrointestinal (GI) material, can impede the bioavailability and absorption of these BACs in host cell systems and target sites. Natural BACs like flavonoids, carotenoids, phenolic acids, etc. are particularly important for the production of functional foods and medicinal products, which may have industrial relevance also. Thus the isolation of such natural BACs can be promising multifunctional extracts that can be used in food applications to aid health-promoting effects in host cell systems. Sufficient evidences are however required to make a health claim and to promote functional foods in international markets. This review focuses primarily on recent developments and modulatory roles of potential health-promoting food BACs. Analyses on the techno-chemical and physiological features of functional food components are addressed besides discussing their analytical methods, bioavailability and bioaccessibility. The current study also considers the health potential of BACs and their rising demand in form of functional foods in the world.

Functional importance of bioactive compounds of foods with Potential Health Benefits: A review on recent trends

/pdf/trends-in-mitigation-of-industrial-waste-global-health-3c990hee.pdf

Trends in mitigation of industrial waste: Global health hazards, environmental implications and waste derived economy for environmental sustainability

Corn is a high starchy cereal crop with the highest production and provides over 85% of the starch produced worldwide. Various by-products, differentiated by technological process features such as steep liquor, corn germ, corn bran, gluten, are created largely during corn starch processing. They are inexpensive, nutrient-rich, and vary widely in chemical composition such as proteins, oils, carbohydrates, and minerals. In an increasingly resource-constrained modern world, the utilization approach of these by-products for non-starch industrial processing is attractive widely considering both nutritive value and economic aspects. In fact, at present, applications of these by-products can often be found in feed, fermentation, nutrient extraction and other industries. For example, protein-rich corn gluten can be used as a good animal feed, and corn germ can be used as a raw material for the high-quality edible oil industry. Undoubtedly, increasing utilization means that these by-products will no longer be treated as waste but will be transformed into high value-added products. In this work, the separation process and chemical composition of several main by-products of the corn starch industry is briefly described, and the application in many industrial fields of these by-products over the last ten years are discussed in particular. This review attempts to summarize all aspects of the application and research of these by-products. For the by-products of the corn starch industry, the most promising way is to be utilized in high value and used to produce high value-added products. According to the characteristics of their chemical composition, they have a better application prospect and research significance in the industries directly related to human beings, such as medicine, green food and health care products. In fact, in recent years, some researchers have recognized this and carried out the research. It is clear from these studies that the main issues to be faced now and in the future are how to produce efficiently while maintaining the quality of the product and using it effectively. The retrospective discussions also provide some ideas for other grain and oilseed crops to be fully utilized.

Comprehensive utilization of corn starch processing by-products: A review

The agroindustry generates a large amount of waste In postharvest, food losses can reach up to 50% This waste represents a source of contamination of soil, air, and bodies of water This represents a problem for the environment as well as for public health However, this waste is an important source of bioactive compounds, such as phenolic compounds, terpenes, and β-glucans, among others Several biological activities have been attributed to these compounds; for example, antioxidant, antimicrobial, gut microbiota, and immune system modulators These properties have been associated with improvements in health Recently, the approach of using these bioactive compounds as food additives for aquaculture have been addressed, where it is sought that organisms, in addition to growing, preserve their health and become disease resistant The exploitation of agro-industrial waste as a source of bioactive compounds for aquaculture has a triple objective-to provide added value to production chains, reduce pollution, and improve the well-being of organisms through nutrition However, to make use of the waste, it is necessary to revalue them, mainly by determining their biological effects in aquaculture organisms The composition of bioactive compounds of agro-industrial wastes, their biological properties, and their application in aquaculture will be addressed here

https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/7/843/pdf

Exploitation of Agro-Industrial Waste as Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds for Aquaculture

The fruit, vegetable, legume, and cereal industries generate many wastes, representing an environmental pollution problem. However, these wastes are a rich source of antioxidant molecules such as terpenes, phenolic compounds, phytosterols, and bioactive peptides with potential applications mainly in the food and pharmaceutical industries, and they exhibit multiple biological properties including antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antihypertensive, anticancer, and antibacterial properties. The aforementioned has increased studies on the recovery of antioxidant compounds using green technologies to value plant waste, since they represent more efficient and sustainable processes. In this review, the main antioxidant molecules from plants are briefly described and the advantages and disadvantages of the use of conventional and green extraction technologies used for the recovery and optimization of the yield of antioxidant naturals are detailed; finally, recent studies on biological properties of antioxidant molecules extracted from plant waste are presented here.

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/12/1566/pdf

Antioxidant Molecules from Plant Waste: Extraction Techniques and Biological Properties

Pacific thread herring (Ophistonema libertate) muscle was hydrolyzed with Alcalase for the preparation of protein hydrolysates. The effect of enzyme concentration (EC; 1% and 3%), pH (8 and 9) and ...

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/19476337.2020.1767694

Influence of enzymatic hydrolysis conditions on biochemical and antioxidant properties of pacific thread herring (Ophistonema libertate) hydrolysates

The effect of dietary supplementation of corn husk meal (CHM) on growth performance, liver antioxidant status and intestinal microbiota in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings was evaluated. Four experimental groups of fish with initial weight 0.47 ± 0.7 g in triplicate tanks were used; three of them were fed CHM incorporated diets (12.5 g/kg, DH12; 25 g/kg, DH25; and 50 g/kg, DH50), whereas a CHM-free basal diet served as control (DH0). No significant differences were observed in growth performance or feed efficiency in fish fed experimental diets (P > 0.05); however, fish fed the DH50 diet had a significant higher proportion of crude protein of whole-body composition (P < 0.05). Analysis of antioxidant enzyme activity showed significant differences (P < 0.05) with higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in fish fed the DH25 diet, and lower glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in fish fed the DH12 diet. No significant differences were found in catalase (CAT) activity between treatments. Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria were the most abundant phyla in all feces samples but no significant differences were found in microbial diversity among diets. Results suggest that CHM is safe for Nile tilapia consumption improving crude protein of whole-body composition and enhancing SOD activity.

Use of Corn Husk Meal in the Development of a Functional Diet for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fingerlings: Effect on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status and Intestinal Microbiota

A preliminary study of the effect of total fishmeal replacement with different dietary sources on the gut microbiota of spotted rose snapper juvenile (Lutjanus guttatus Steindachner, 1869)

Crisantema Hernández

Papers

Exploitation of Agro-Industrial Waste as Potential Source of Bioactive Compounds for Aquaculture

Antioxidant Molecules from Plant Waste: Extraction Techniques and Biological Properties

Influence of enzymatic hydrolysis conditions on biochemical and antioxidant properties of pacific thread herring (Ophistonema libertate) hydrolysates

Use of Corn Husk Meal in the Development of a Functional Diet for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fingerlings: Effect on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Status and Intestinal Microbiota

A preliminary study of the effect of total fishmeal replacement with different dietary sources on the gut microbiota of spotted rose snapper juvenile (Lutjanus guttatus Steindachner, 1869)