Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201

The Theory of Island Biogeography

Aquatic chemistry is becoming both a rewarding and substantial area of inquiry and is drawing many prominent scientists to its fold. Its literature has changed from a compilation of compositional tables to studies of the chemical reactions occurring within the aquatic environments. But more than this is the recognition that human society in part is determining the nature of aquatic systems. Since rivers deliver to the world ocean most of its dissolved and particulate components, the interactions of these two sets of waters determine the vitality of our coastal waters. This significant vol ume provides not only an introduction to the dynamics of aquatic chem istries but also identifies those materials that jeopardize the resources of both the marine and fluvial domains. Its very title provides its emphasis but clearly not its breadth in considering natural processes. The book will be of great value to those environmental scientists who are dedicated to keeping the resources of the hydrosphere renewable. As the size of the world population becomes larger in the near future and as the uses of materials and energy show parallel increases, the rivers and oceans must be considered as a resource to accept some of the wastes of society. The ability of these waters and the sediments below them to accommodate wastes must be assessed continually. The key questions relate to the capacities of aqueous systems to carry one or more pollutants."

Metal pollution in the aquatic environment

Organic geochemical proxies of paleoceanographic, paleolimnologic, and paleoclimatic processes

Hydrological changes in the African tropics since the Last Glacial Maximum

The stable isotopic composition of modern soil carbonate and its relationship to climate

Hydrogen index and carbon isotopes of lacustrine organic matter as lake level indicators

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/C8ECEF5A64691A89F13468B3DC740B91/S0033589400015519a.pdf/div-class-title-an-altitudinal-cline-in-tropical-african-grass-floras-and-its-paleoecological-significance-div.pdf

An altitudinal cline in tropical African grass floras and its paleoecological significance

Atlas of the tropical West African pollen flora

Some Interstadial and Postglacial Pollen Diagrams from Eastern Canada

Thaw lakes beyond the glacial boundary in northern Alaska may be quiescent, with elliptical saucer-shaped basins, or they may be actively expanding, with deeply pocked basins. Glacial lakes of the usual types are found in the glaciated southern part of the region. The lakes freeze to a depth of almost 2 meters in winter and warm without stratifying to about 13°C in summer. Of the annual heat budget of some 28,000 Cal/cm2 only 6,000 cal is wind distributed. Total dissolved solids are known to range from 35 to 159 ppm, and the water is of a calcium bicarbonate type except where sea-spray influence is strong. The silica content is very low. A shore community is poorly-developed or absent, spparcntly bccausc of ice-push, and the standing crop of benthos varies from an indetectable amount to 89.4 kg/ha. Remains of the midge Dryadotanytarsus are found throughout the sedimentary column of one lake, indicating that this genus, which is known only as a late-Pleistocene fossil, lives there today. The sediments of lakes receiving the products of the widespread processes of arctic weathering arc very inorganic, with few and poorlypreserved microfossils. Computations based on a radiocarbon-dated pollen chronology suggest a net community productivity averaging less than 2 mg of organic matter/cm2/yr, and Bosmina and tendipcdid productivities of less than lO/cm2/yr during the past 6,000 years. Further computations involving t,he data of other authors suggest that of the solar energy fixed by a temperate or arctic lake about one-quarter is preserved in the sediments, one-half is dissipated by the decomposing organisms and one-quarter is dissipated by all the other plants and animals. The arctic environment appears to influence lakes principally through physiographic processes affecting origin, sedimentation, and drainage.

https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lo.1958.3.2.0192

D. A. Livingstone

Papers

Hydrogen index and carbon isotopes of lacustrine organic matter as lake level indicators

An altitudinal cline in tropical African grass floras and its paleoecological significance

Atlas of the tropical West African pollen flora

Some Interstadial and Postglacial Pollen Diagrams from Eastern Canada

Effects of an Arctic Environment on the Origin and Development of Freshwater Lakes1