Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

J. Appl. Cryst.の発刊に際して

In contrast to a recently expressed, and widely cited, view that “Ionic liquids are starting to leave academic labs and find their way into a wide variety of industrial applications”, we demonstrate in this critical review that there have been parallel and collaborative exchanges between academic research and industrial developments since the materials were first reported in 1914 (148 references)

Applications of ionic liquids in the chemical industry

The fascinating story of olefin (or alkene) metathesis (eq
1) began almost five decades ago, when Anderson and
Merckling reported the first carbon-carbon double-bond
rearrangement reaction in the titanium-catalyzed polymerization of norbornene. Nine years later, Banks and Bailey reported “a new disproportionation reaction . . . in which olefins are converted to homologues of shorter and longer carbon chains...”. In 1967, Calderon and co-workers named this metal-catalyzed redistribution of carbon-carbon double bonds olefin metathesis, from the Greek word “μeτάθeση”, which means change of position. These contributions have since served as the foundation for an amazing research field, and olefin metathesis currently represents a powerful transformation in chemical synthesis, attracting a vast amount of interest both in industry and academia.

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4884240.pdf

Ruthenium-based heterocyclic carbene-coordinated olefin metathesis catalysts.

This review gives a survey on the latest most representative developments and progress concerning ionic liquids, from their fundamental properties to their applications in catalytic processes. It also highlights their emerging use for biomass treatment and transformation.

Ionic liquids and catalysis: Recent progress from knowledge to applications

Various commonly used organic solvents were dried with several different drying agents. A glovebox-bound coulometric Karl Fischer apparatus with a two-compartment measuring cell was used to determine the efficiency of the drying process. Recommendations are made relating to optimum drying agents/conditions that can be used to rapidly and reliably generate solvents with low residual water content by means of commonly available materials found in most synthesis laboratories. The practical method provides for safer handling and drying of solvents than methods calling for the use of reactive metals, metal hydrides, or solvent distillation.

/pdf/drying-of-organic-solvents-quantitative-evaluation-of-the-4v6wtakg15.pdf

Drying of Organic Solvents: Quantitative Evaluation of the Efficiency of Several Desiccants

Al(OTf)3 was found to be an extremely effective catalyst (at ppm levels) for ring opening reactions of epoxides using a range of alcohols.

Aluminium triflate: a remarkable Lewis acid catalyst for the ring opening of epoxides by alcohols

New methodology was developed for the selective synthesis of regiochemically defined porphyrazines of the form M[pz(A2;B2)] (shown in Chart 1) where A and B represent peripheral functionalization attached to the β-positions of the pyrroles. Specifically, phthalonitriles or derivatives thereof with sterically bulky groups in positions 3 and 6, in particular 4,7-bis(isopropyloxy)-1,3-diiminoisoindoline (3) act as a “trans director” when macrocyclized with heteroatom-appended maleonitriles under Linstead conditions, the result being preferential formation of the trans-M[pz(A2;B2)] pigment where A = SR, NMe2, OR, as well as R (shown in Chart 2). Linstead crossover macrocyclization of 3 with 4, 11, 15, and 18 gave pigments 10, 14, 17, and 19, respectively. These pigments were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, UV−visible spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, microanalysis, and 17 was characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis.

/pdf/a-facile-and-regioselective-synthesis-of-trans-4w05owodjx.pdf

D. Bradley G. Williams

Papers

Drying of Organic Solvents: Quantitative Evaluation of the Efficiency of Several Desiccants

Aluminium triflate: a remarkable Lewis acid catalyst for the ring opening of epoxides by alcohols

A facile and regioselective synthesis of trans-heterofunctionalized porphyrazine derivatives

Aluminum triflate as a highly active and efficient nonprotic cocatalyst in the palladium-catalyzed methoxycarbonylation reaction.

Aluminium triflate: an efficient recyclable Lewis acid catalyst for the aminolysis of epoxides