https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/13291952/FTA_overview.pdf

Fault tree analysis

Fault tree analysis (FTA) is a very prominent method to analyze the risks related to safety and economically critical assets, like power plants, airplanes, data centers and web shops. FTA methods comprise of a wide variety of modelling and analysis techniques, supported by a wide range of software tools. This paper surveys over 150 papers on fault tree analysis, providing an in-depth overview of the state-of-the-art in FTA. Concretely, we review standard fault trees, as well as extensions such as dynamic FT, repairable FT, and extended FT. For these models, we review both qualitative analysis methods, like cut sets and common cause failures, and quantitative techniques, including a wide variety of stochastic methods to compute failure probabilities. Numerous examples illustrate the various approaches, and tables present a quick overview of results.

Fault Tree Analysis : A survey of the state-of-the-art in modeling, analysis and tools

I provide an overview of the Fault Tree Analysis method.I review different extensions of fault trees.A number of model-based dependability analysis approaches are reviewed.I outline the future outlook for model-based dependability analysis. Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) is a well-established and well-understood technique, widely used for dependability evaluation of a wide range of systems. Although many extensions of fault trees have been proposed, they suffer from a variety of shortcomings. In particular, even where software tool support exists, these analyses require a lot of manual effort. Over the past two decades, research has focused on simplifying dependability analysis by looking at how we can synthesise dependability information from system models automatically. This has led to the field of model-based dependability analysis (MBDA). Different tools and techniques have been developed as part of MBDA to automate the generation of dependability analysis artefacts such as fault trees. Firstly, this paper reviews the standard fault tree with its limitations. Secondly, different extensions of standard fault trees are reviewed. Thirdly, this paper reviews a number of prominent MBDA techniques where fault trees are used as a means for system dependability analysis and provides an insight into their working mechanism, applicability, strengths and challenges. Finally, the future outlook for MBDA is outlined, which includes the prospect of developing expert and intelligent systems for dependability analysis of complex open systems under the conditions of uncertainty.

https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/preview/582881/2018-02-04%2015186%20Kabir.pdf

An overview of fault tree analysis and its application in model based dependability analysis

This paper discusses the modeling tool called SHARPE (Symbolic Hierarchical Automated Reliability and Performance Evaluator), a general hierarchical modeling tool that analyzes stochastic models of reliability, availability, performance, and performability. It allows the user to choose the number of levels of models, the type of model at each level, and which results from each model level are to act as which parameters in which higher-level models. SHARPE includes algorithms for analysis of fault trees, reliability block diagrams, acyclic series-parallel graphs, acyclic and cyclic Markov and semi-Markov models, generalized stochastic Petri nets, and closed single- and multi-chain product-form queueing networks. For many of these, the user can choose among alternative algorithms, and can decide whether to get a result in the form of a distribution function (symbolic in the time variable) or as a mean or probability. SHARPE has been useful to students, practicing engineers, and researchers. In this paper we discuss the history of SHARPE, give some examples of its use, and talk about some lessons learned.

SHARPE at the age of twenty two

Supporting reliability engineers in exploiting the power of Dynamic Bayesian Networks

Fault trees are a well known mean for the evaluation of dependability of complex systems. Many extensions have been proposed to the original formalism in order to enhance the advantages of fault tree analysis for the design and assessment of systems. In this paper we propose an extension, repairable fault trees, which allows the designer to evaluate the effects of different repair policies on a repairable system: this extended formalism has been integrated in a multi-formalism multi-solution framework, and it is supported by a solution technique which transparently exploits generalized stochastic Petri nets (GSPN)for modelling the repairing process. The modelling technique and the solution process are illustrated through an example.

D.C. Raiteri

Papers

Repairable fault tree for the automatic evaluation of repair policies