The systemic inflammation-based Glasgow Prognostic Score: a decade of experience in patients with cancer.

Disease progression in cancer is dependent on the complex interaction between the tumor and the host inflammatory response. There is substantial evidence in advanced cancer that host factors, such as weight loss, poor performance status and the host systemic inflammatory response, are linked, and the latter is an important tumor-stage-independent predictor of outcome. Indeed, the systemic inflammatory response, as evidenced by an elevated level of C-reactive protein, is now included in the definition of cancer cachexia. This review examines the role of the systemic inflammatory response in predicting survival in patients with primary operable cancer. Approximately 80 studies have evaluated the role of the systemic inflammatory response using biochemical or hematological markers, such as elevated C-reactive protein levels, hypoalbuminemia or increased white cell, neutrophil and platelet counts. Combinations of such factors have been used to derive simple inflammation-based prognostic scores, such as the Gl...

Role of systemic inflammatory response in predicting survival in patients with primary operable cancer

Purpose of reviewThere is now good evidence in humans that a chronic systemic inflammatory response results in the cardinal features of cancer cachexia, principally the progressive loss of weight (in particular lean tissue). This review examines the role of recent simple objective systemic inflammat

/pdf/systemic-inflammation-nutritional-status-and-survival-in-h9swq938nc.pdf

Systemic inflammation, nutritional status and survival in patients with cancer.

Background/aims
The aim of the study was to examine the value of the combination of an elevated C-reactive protein and hypoalbuminaemia (GPS) in predicting cancer-specific survival after resection for colon and rectal cancer.

Evaluation of an inflammation-based prognostic score (GPS) in patients undergoing resection for colon and rectal cancer.

Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio predicts chemotherapy outcomes in patients with advanced colorectal cancer

/pdf/neutrophil-lymphocyte-ratio-predicts-chemotherapy-outcomes-4mlb043nh0.pdf

A score based on the combination of the systemic inflammatory response and albumin hazards ratio (HR) 1.70, 95% CI 1.23 - 2.35, P=0.001) was comparable in prognostic value to that based on stage and performance status (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.12 - 1.95, P=0.006) in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. The former is simple to measure and well standardised.

/pdf/evaluation-of-cumulative-prognostic-scores-based-on-the-4bhvx67dg5.pdf

Evaluation of cumulative prognostic scores based on the systemic inflammatory response in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer.

The value of an inflammation-based prognostic score (GPS) was compared with performance status (ECOG) in patients (n=109) receiving platinum-based chemotherapy for inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer. On multivariate analysis with ECOG, white cell count and the GPS entered as covariates, only the GPS was a significant independent predictor of survival (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.25–2.84, P=0.002).

Comparison of an inflammation-based prognostic score (GPS) with performance status (ECOG) in patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy for inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer.

D J Dunlop

Papers

Evaluation of cumulative prognostic scores based on the systemic inflammatory response in patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer.

Comparison of an inflammation-based prognostic score (GPS) with performance status (ECOG) in patients receiving platinum-based chemotherapy for inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer.