1. Place animal in induction chamber and anesthetize the mouse and ensure sedation. 2. Once the animal is sedated, move it to a nose cone for hair removal using cream. Only apply cream to the area of the chest that will be utilized for imaging. Once the hair is removed, wipe area with wet gauze to ensure all hair is removed. 3. Move the animal to the imaging platform and tape its paws to the ECG lead plates and insert rectal probe. Body temperature should be maintained at 36-37°C. During imaging, reduce anesthesia to maintain proper heart rate. If the animal shows signs of being awake, use a higher concentration of anesthetic.

人唾液天疱疮抗原的纯化

1. Introduction 2. Phonology 3. Morpho-syntax 4. Lexis 5. Semantics 6. Past, present and future Glossary of technical terms Topics for discussion and further reading References Index.

A History of the Spanish Language

Richness of subject-verb agreement is implicit in the functional compensation interpretation of variable second person /-s/ in Puerto Rican Spanish (PRS). Because /-s/ is not variable in Madrid Spanish (MS), richer agreement is assumed, and a lower rate of pronominal expression is expected. Central to this interpretation are effects associated with ambiguous marking of person on finite singular verbs. Although an increase of pronominal expression correlates to ambiguous marking for PRS speakers, a similar result has not been reported for MS speakers. Nonetheless, a varbrul analysis yields similar weights for this constraint in both dialects. Moreover, ambiguity effects are best understood as constraints on null subject variation that interact with switch reference. Identity of varbrul weights for constraints on pronominal and null subject variation in PRS and MS also supports the Constant Rate Hypothesis. However, the two dialects do show a diametrically opposed effect associated with nonspecific tu.

Ambiguous Agreement, Functional Compensation, and Nonspecific "tu" in the Spanish of San Juan, Puerto Rico and Madrid, Spain.

https://pagines.uab.cat/mariajosepsole/sites/pagines.uab.cat.mariajosepsole/files/15.-trills.pdf

Aerodynamic characteristics of trills and phonological patterning

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between home literacy experiences and bilingual preschoolers’ early literacy outcomes. Method: Forty-three Puerto Rican mother-child dyads recruite...

/pdf/home-literacy-experiences-and-their-relationship-to-2zz9dmjk2x.pdf

Home Literacy Experiences and Their Relationship to Bilingual Preschoolers' Developing English Literacy Abilities: An Initial Investigation

This book represents the culmination of a lifetime of research in the spoken Spanish dialects of the Americas by one of the foremost experts in this field. Based on more than sixty years of residence, travel, research, and teaching among Spanish-speaking people, Canfield's study of the phonological phenomena that have created dialects of Spanish in the Americas makes use of historical treatises, contemporary accounts, and the author's own observations. Bibliographies for each area and a main bibliography of some three hundred pertinent books and articles make this book valuable both as a text and as a reference work.

Spanish pronunciation in the Americas

Spanish Pronunciation in the Americas

nologia de la igualacidn g-z en espaiol (HR, 1951, pp. 37-58; 143-164) serves as an illuminating check on the Data for the Chronology of Theta and Jota (HR, 1949, pp. 50-60) of Robert K. Spaulding and Beatrice S. Patt. Suspecting that authors of treatises on pronunciation during the second half of the seventeenth century might have been neglected in the consideration of phonetic values and times of changes, the Spaulding and Patt article had examined statements on the

Spanish American Data for the Chronology of Sibilant Changes

La pronunciación del español en América : ensayo histórico-descriptivo

El presente estudio se basa en observaciones hechas por el que suscribe en El Salvador y en territorio adyacente durante los veranos de 1951 y 1952, y forma parte de un andlisis del espafiol de El Salvador que ha de terminarse dentro de unos meses en forma de atlas lingiiistico de dicha entidad politica.* Como se trata de tierra poblada por espafioles, es natural que el castellano actual de esta regi6n tenga cierta semejanza con el de la Madre Patria. Y siendo espafiol de Espafia, puede muy bien perpetuar eiertos rasgos de su procedencia regional espafiol. Mientras mas se estudia la poblaci6n de Am6rica en el siglo XVI, mis se nota la preponderancia de elementos andaluces y extremefios entre los "pasajeros a Indias." Y asimismo se echa de ver que mucho del caricter fon6tico del espafiol americano, especialmente el de tierras bajas, corresponde no s61o a rasgos andaluces actuales sino tambi6n a los de an-

D. Lincoln Canfield

Papers

Spanish pronunciation in the Americas

Spanish Pronunciation in the Americas

Spanish American Data for the Chronology of Sibilant Changes

La pronunciación del español en América : ensayo histórico-descriptivo

Andalucismos en la Pronunciacion Salvadorena