Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201

The Theory of Island Biogeography

The structural transformation of the public sphere : an inquiryinto a category of bourgeois society

It is a daunting honor to deliver the inaugural Pool Lecture. Ithiel de Sola Pool was a brilliant, broad-gauged scholar whose interests ranged from the Nazi elite to direct satellite broadcasting, from the first rigorous computer simulation of electoral behavior to the development of network theory, from which he invented "small world" research. He helped found the field of political communications. A graduate of the University of Chicago's political science department during its classic golden age, and first chair of the MIT political science department, Pool must also have been a remarkable teacher, for his students continue to contribute to our understanding of technology, communications, and political behavior. When I accepted this honor, I did not guess how close my own inquiry would lead me to Pool's own professional turf. I shall return to the contemporary relevance of Pool's insights at the conclusion of this talk.

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Tuning In, Tuning Out: The Strange Disappearance of Social Capital in America

Over the past few years, there has been a steadily increasing interest on the part of economists in happiness research. We argue that reported subjective well-being is a satisfactory empirical approximation to individual utility and that happiness research is able to contribute important insights for economics. We report how the economic variables income, unemployment and inflation affect happiness as well as how institutional factors, in particular the type of democracy and the extent of government decentralization, systematically influence how satisfied individuals are with their life. We discuss some of the consequences for economic policy and for economic theory.

What Can Economists Learn from Happiness Research

List of Figures ix List of Tables xi Preface and Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 PART I: VETO PLAYERS THEORY 17 One: Individual Veto Players 19 Two: Collective Veto Players 38 PART II: VETO PLAYERS AND INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS 65 Three: Regimes: Nondemocratic, Presidential, and Parliamentary 67 Four: Governments and Parliaments 91 Five: Referendums 116 Six: Federalism, Bicameralism, and Qualified Majorities 136 PART III: POLICY EFFECTS OF VETO PLAYERS 161 Seven: Legislation 165 Eight: Macroeconomic Policies 187 PART IV: SYSTEMIC EFFECTS OF VETO PLAYERS 207 Nine: Government Stability 209 Ten: Judiciary and Bureaucracies 222 Eleven: Veto Players Analysis of European Union Institutions 248 Conclusion 283 Bibliography 291 Index 309

Veto Players: How Political Institutions Work

Political change in Britain

Referendums have been in increasing evidence all over the democratic world - notably in connection with the evolution of the European Community and the breakup of the Soviet Union. This analysis of the strengths and weakness of referendums looks at how they fit the requirements of democracy.

Referendums Around the World: The Growing Use of Direct Democracy

The British General Election of 1983

Acknowledgements 1. Introduction 2. The geomorphic influences of invertebrates 3. The geomorphic accomplishments of ectothermic vertebrates 4. Birds as agents of erosion, transportation and deposition 5. The geomorphic effects of digging for and caching food 6. Trampling, wallowing and geophagy by mammals 7. The geomorphic effects of mammalian burrowing 8. The geomorphic influence of beavers 9. Concluding remarks References Index.

David Butler

Papers

Political change in Britain

Referendums Around the World: The Growing Use of Direct Democracy

The British General Election of 1983

Zoogeomorphology: Animals as Geomorphic Agents

Political Change in Britain: Forces Shaping Electoral Choice