Today, coupled-cluster theory offers the most accurate results among the practical ab initio electronic-structure theories applicable to moderate-sized molecules. Though it was originally proposed for problems in physics, it has seen its greatest development in chemistry, enabling an extensive range of applications to molecular structure, excited states, properties, and all kinds of spectroscopy. In this review, the essential aspects of the theory are explained and illustrated with informative numerical results.

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Coupled-cluster theory in quantum chemistry

An Introduction to Coupled Cluster Theory for Computational Chemists

Stark spectroscopy has been applied to a wide range of molecular systems and materials. A generally useful method for obtaining electronic and vibrational Stark spectra that does not require sophisticated equipment is described. By working with frozen glasses it is possible to study nearly any molecular system, including ions and proteins. Quantitative analysis of the spectra provides information on the change in dipole moment and polarizability associated with a transition. The change in dipole moment reflects the degree of charge separation for a transition, a quantity of interest to a variety of fields. The polarizability change describes the sensitivity of a transition to an electrostatic field such as that found in a protein or an ordered synthetic material. Applications to donor-acceptor polyenes, transition metal complexes (metal-to-ligand and metal-to-metal mixed valence transitions), and nonphotosynthetic biological systems are reviewed.

STARK SPECTROSCOPY: Applications in Chemistry, Biology, and Materials Science

The theory for analytic energy derivatives of excited electronic states described by the equation‐of‐motion coupled cluster (EOM‐CC) method has been generalized to treat cases in which reference and final states differ in the number of electrons. While this work specializes to the sector of Fock space that corresponds to ionization of the reference, the approach can be trivially modified for electron attached final states. Unlike traditional coupled cluster methods that are based on single determinant reference functions, several electronic configurations are treated in a balanced way by EOM‐CC. Therefore, this quantum chemical approach is appropriate for problems that involve important nondynamic electron correlation effects. Furthermore, a fully spin adapted treatment of doublet electronic states is guaranteed when a spin restricted closed shell reference state is used—a desirable feature that is not easily achieved in standard coupled cluster approaches. The efficient implementation of analytic gradien...

Analytic energy derivatives for ionized states described by the equation‐of‐motion coupled cluster method

Predicting the electronic structure of extended organic molecules constitutes an important fundamental task of modern chemistry. Studies of electronic excitations, charge-transfer, energy-transfer, and isomerization of conjugated systems form the basis for our understanding of the photophysics and photochemistry of complex molecules1-3 as well as organic nanostructures and supramolecular assemblies.4,5 Photosynthesis and other photochemical biological processes that constitute the basis of life on Earth involve assemblies of conjugated chromophores such as porphyrins, chlorophylls, and carotenoids.6-8 Apart from the fundamental interest, these studies are also closely connected to numerous important technological applications.9 Conjugated polymers are primary candidates for new organic optical materials with large nonlinear polarizabilities.10-19 Potential applications include electroluminescence, light emitting diodes, ultrafast switches, photodetectors, biosensors, and optical limiting materials.20-27 Optical spectroscopy which allows chemists and physicists to probe the dynamics of vibrations and electronic excitations of molecules and solids is a powerful tool for the study of molecular electronic structure. The theoretical techniques used for describing spectra of isolated small molecules are usually quite different from those of molecular crystals, and many intermediate size systems, such as clusters and polymers, are not readily described by the methods developed for either of these limiting cases.28

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Density Matrix Analysis and Simulation of Electronic Excitations in Conjugated and Aggregated Molecules

The approach to calculate improved, two-state, adiabatic-to-diabatic transformation angles (also known as mixing angles), presented before (see Das et al., J Chem Phys 2010, 133, 084107), was used here while studying the F + H2 system. However, this study is characterized by two new features: (a) it is the first of its kind in which is studied the interplay between Renner–Teller (RT) and Jahn–Teller (JT) nonadiabatic coupling terms (NACT); (b) it is the first of its kind in which is reported the effect of an upper singular RT-NACT on a lower two-state (JT) mixing angle. The fact that the upper NACT is singular (it is shown to be a quasi-Dirac δ-function) enables a semi-analytical solution for this perturbed mixing angle. The present treatment, performed for the F + H2 system, revealed the existence of a novel parameter, η, the Jahn–Renner coupling parameter (JRCP), which yields, in an unambiguous way, the right intensity of the RT coupling (as resembled, in this case, by the quasi-Dirac δ-function) responsible for the fact that the final end-of-the contour angle (identified with the Berry phase) is properly quantized. This study implies that the numerical value of this parameter is a pure number (independent of the molecular system): η = (= 0.9003) and that there is a good possibility that this value is a novel characteristic molecular constant for a certain class of tri-atomic systems. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011

The adiabatic-to-diabatic transformation angle and the berry phase for coupled jahn–teller/renner–teller systems: The F + H2 as a case study

A new nonperturbative theory of core-hole ionizations: a compact cluster-expansion technique for treating relaxation effects

We follow a suggestion by Lipoff and Herschbach [Mol. Phys. 108, 1133 (2010)10.1080/00268971003662912] and compare dressed and bare adiabatic potentials to get insight regarding the low-energy dynamics (e.g., cold reaction) taking place in molecular systems. In this particular case, we are interested to study the effect of conical intersections (ci) on the interacting atoms. For this purpose, we consider vibrational dressed adiabatic and vibrational dressed diabatic potentials in the entrance channel of reactive systems. According to our study, the most one should expect, in case of F + H2, is a mild effect of the (1, 2) ci on its reactive/exchange process−an outcome also supported by experiment. This happens although the corresponding dressed and bare potential barriers (and the corresponding van der Waals potential wells) differ significantly from each other.

Debasis Mukhopadhyay

Papers

The adiabatic-to-diabatic transformation angle and the berry phase for coupled jahn–teller/renner–teller systems: The F + H2 as a case study

A new nonperturbative theory of core-hole ionizations: a compact cluster-expansion technique for treating relaxation effects

Dressed adiabatic and diabatic potentials to study conical intersections for F + H2.

Conical intersections in 22E′ states of Na3 cluster

Jahn–Teller intersections involving excited states of the F + H2 system: Identification and influence on the reaction system