Stable non-Gaussian random processes , by G. Samorodnitsky and M. S. Taqqu. Pp. 632. £49.50. 1994. ISBN 0-412-05171-0 (Chapman and Hall).

MUCKE aims to mine a large volume of images, to structure them conceptually and to use this conceptual structuring in order to improve large-scale image retrieval. The last decade witnessed important progress concerning low-level image representations. However, there are a number problems which need to be solved in order to unleash the full potential of image mining in applications. The central problem with low-level representations is the mismatch between them and the human interpretation of image content. This problem can be instantiated, for instance, by the incapability of existing descriptors to capture spatial relationships between the concepts represented or by their incapability to convey an explanation of why two images are similar in a content-based image retrieval framework. We start by assessing existing local descriptors for image classification and by proposing to use co-occurrence matrices to better capture spatial relationships in images. The main focus in MUCKE is on cleaning large scale Web image corpora and on proposing image representations which are closer to the human interpretation of images. Consequently, we introduce methods which tackle these two problems and compare results to state of the art methods. Note: some aspects of this deliverable are withheld at this time as they are pending review. Please contact the authors for a preview.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel2/4524/12820/00592460.pdf

Image Processing

A scheme is developed for classifying the types of motion perceived by a humanlike robot. It is assumed that the robot receives visual images of the scene using a perspective system model. Equations, theorems, concepts, clues, etc., relating the objects, their positions, and their motion to their images on the focal plane are presented. >

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel2/815/3148/00100651.pdf

Robot vision

A scheme is proposed to implement commutative video encryption and watermarking during advanced video coding process. In H.264/AVC compression, the intra-prediction mode, motion vector difference and discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients' signs are encrypted, while DCT coefficients' amplitudes are watermarked adaptively. To avoid that the watermarking operation affects the decryption operation, a traditional watermarking algorithm is modified. The encryption and watermarking operations are commutative. Thus, the watermark can be extracted from the encrypted videos, and the encrypted videos can be re-watermarked. This scheme embeds the watermark without exposing video content's confidentiality, and provides a solution for signal processing in encrypted domain. Additionally, it increases the operation efficiency, since the encrypted video can be watermarked without decryption. These properties make the scheme a good choice for secure media transmission or distribution

Commutative Encryption and Watermarking in Video Compression

GENERAL ISSUES Protection of Multimedia Content in Distribution Networks A. M. Eskicioglu and E.J. Delp Vulnerability of Multimedia Protection Schemes M. F. Mansour and A.H. Tewfik MULTIMEDIA ENCRYPTION Fundamentals of Multimedia Encryption Techniques B. Furht, D. Socek, and A. M. Eskicioglu Chaos-Based Encryption for Digital Image and Video S. Li, G. Chen, and X. Zheng Key Management and Protection for IP Multimedia R. Blom, E. Carrara, F. Lindholm, K. Norrman, and M. Naslund Streaming Media Encryption H. Yu MULTIMEDIA WATERMARKING Survey of Multimedia Watermarking Techniques E. Muharemagic and B. Furht Robust Identification of Audio Using Watermarking and Fingerprinting J. Haitsma and T. Kalker High Capacity Real-Time Audio Watermarking with Perfect Correlation Sequence and Repeated Insertion S-C Pei, Y-F Hsu, and Y-W Lu Multidimensional Watermark for Still Image: Parallel Embedding and Detection Bo Hu Image Watermarking Method Resistant to Geometric Distortions H. Kim Fragile Watermarking for Image Authentication E. Izquierdo New Trends and Challenges in Digital Watermark Technologies: Applications for Printed Materials Z. Liu Robust Watermark Detection from Quantized MPEG Video Data D. Simitopoulos, A. Briassouli, and M. G. Strintzis Image Watermarking Robust to Both Geometric Distortion and JPEG Compression X. Kang, J. Huang, and Y. Q. Shi Reversible Watermarks Using a Difference Expansion A.M. Alattar MULTIMEDIA DATA HIDING, FINGERPRINTING, AND AUTHENTICATION Lossless Data Hiding: Fundamentals, Algorithms and Applications Y. Q. Shi, G. Xuan, and W. Su Attacking Multimedia Protection Systems via Blind Pattern Matching D. Kirovski and J-L Dugelay Digital Media Fingerprinting: Techniques and Trends W. Luh and D. Kundur Scalable Image and Video Authentication D. Skraparlis Signature-Based Media Authentication Q. Sun and S-F Chang APPLICATIONS Digital Watermarking Framework: Applications, Parameters and Requirements K. Levy and T. Rodriguez Digital Rights Management for Consumer Devices J. Lotspiech Adult Image Filtering for Internet Safety H. Zheng, M. Daudi, C. Tombelle, and C. Djeraba Combined Indexing and Watermarking of 3D Models Using the Generalized 3D Radon Transforms P. Daras, D. Zarpalas, D. Tzovaras, D. Simitopoulos, and M. G.Strintzis Digital Rights Management Issues for Video S. Emmanuel and M. S. Kankanhalli

Multimedia Security Handbook

A new technique for watermarking of MPEG compressed video streams is proposed. The watermarking scheme operates directly in the domain of MPEG program streams. Perceptual models are used during the embedding process in order to preserve the video quality. The watermark is embedded in the compressed domain and is detected without the use of the original video sequence. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed scheme is able to withstand a variety of attacks. The resulting watermarking system is fast and reliable, and is suitable for copyright protection and real-time content authentication applications.

Compressed-domain video watermarking of MPEG streams

This paper presents a complete system for the secure distribution of a copyrighted MPEG-1/2 video stored on a DVD-ROM disc. A combined selective watermarking and encryption method that operates in the compressed MPEG domain is introduced. Watermarking resistant to a number of attacks is used for copyright protection. The video quality deteriorates significantly due to encryption, thus restraining unauthorized viewers from viewing it. The video can only be viewed using the developed Secure MPEG Player, which performs real-time decryption of the encrypted video. The decryption requires a secret key that is extracted from the DVD-ROM disc in a cryptographically secure manner.

Encryption and watermarking for the secure distribution of copyrighted MPEG video on DVD

An entirely novel approach to image indexing is presented using content-based watermarking. The proposed system uses color-image segmentation and watermarking in order to facilitate content-based indexing, retrieval and manipulation of digital images and image regions. A novel segmentation algorithm is applied on reduced images and the resulting segmentation mask is embedded in the image using watermarking techniques. In each region of the image, indexing information is additionally embedded. In this way, the proposed system is endowed with content-based access and indexing capabilities which can be easily exploited via a simple watermark detection process. Several experiments have shown the potential of this approach.

/pdf/segmentation-and-content-based-watermarking-for-color-image-1l62an8vkg.pdf

Segmentation and content-based watermarking for color image and image region indexing and retrieval

A novel technique is proposed for watermarking of MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 compressed video streams. The proposed scheme is applied directly in the domain of MPEG-1 system streams and MPEG-2 program streams (multiplexed streams). Perceptual models are used during the embedding process in order to avoid degradation of the video quality. The watermark is detected without the use of the original video sequence. A modified correlation-based detector is introduced that applies nonlinear preprocessing before correlation. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed scheme is able to withstand several common attacks. The resulting watermarking system is very fast and therefore suitable for copyright protection of compressed video.

/pdf/fast-watermarking-of-mpeg-1-2-streams-using-compressed-3mxnnypcwj.pdf

Fast watermarking of MPEG-1/2 streams using compressed-domain perceptual embedding and a generalized correlator detector

Multiview image sequence processing has been the focus of considerable attention in recent literature. This paper presents an efficient technique for object-based rigid and non-rigid 3D motion estimation, applicable to problems occurring in multiview image sequence coding applications. More specifically, a neural network is formed for the estimation of the rigid 3D motion of each object in the scene, using initially estimated 2D motion vectors corresponding to each camera view. Non-linear error minimization techniques are adopted for neural network weight update. Furthermore, a novel technique is also proposed for the estimation of the local non-rigid deformations, based on the multiview camera geometry. Experimental results using both stereoscopic and trinocular camera setups illustrate and evaluate the proposed scheme.

/pdf/rigid-and-non-rigid-3d-motion-estimation-from-multiview-p64i0w3nja.pdf

Dimitrios Simitopoulos

Papers

Compressed-domain video watermarking of MPEG streams

Encryption and watermarking for the secure distribution of copyrighted MPEG video on DVD

Segmentation and content-based watermarking for color image and image region indexing and retrieval

Fast watermarking of MPEG-1/2 streams using compressed-domain perceptual embedding and a generalized correlator detector

Rigid and Non-Rigid 3D Motion Estimation from Multiview Image Sequences