We investigate whether income inequality affects subsequent growth in a cross-country sample for 1965-90, using the models of Barro (1997), Bleaney and Nishiyama (2002) and Sachs and Warner (1997), with negative results. We then investigate the evolution of income inequality over the same period and its correlation with growth. The dominating feature is inequality convergence across countries. This convergence has been significantly faster amongst developed countries. Growth does not appear to influence the evolution of inequality over time. Outline

https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/81822/1/02-28.pdf

Economic growth and income inequality

This study has attempted to address prior knowledge gaps in the environmental economics literature by integrating the innovation shocks into the Environment Kuznets Curve (EKC) equation for twenty-...

Can innovation shocks determine CO2 emissions (CO2e) in the OECD economies? A new perspective

Regional differences in nonlinear impacts of economic growth, export and FDI on air pollutants in China based on provincial panel data

How does environmental regulation influence China’s carbon productivity? An empirical analysis based on the spatial spillover effect

This paper empirically studies how foreign direct investment (FDI) affects air pollution, and how this effect depends on institutional quality. By using a panel data for 19 developing Asian countri...

Foreign direct investment and air pollution in Asian countries: does institutional quality matter?

This study investigates the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI), trade and industrial emissions in member countries of the Central American Free Trade Agreement–Dominican Republic (CAFTA-DR) between 1979 and 2010. Our model is based on extant literature about the Environmental Kuznets’ Curve framework. In this study, we consider sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO2) as our dependent variables. Our key independent variables are FDI and trade. Our study finds evidence that foreign investment and trade have had a negative impact on our selected emissions. However, our models also estimate turning points which are below the current GDP per capita values for all CAFTA-DR member countries. This is an encouraging trend in terms of the potential reduction in emissions in the region.

Impact of FDI and trade on environmental quality in the CAFTA-DR region

The specific aim of this chapter is to examine and describe the impact of CAFTA-DR’s environmental provisions on strategy formulation and development decisions of domestic and multinational firms in member countries. This chapter also provides an overview of CAFTA-DR’s member countries and the theoretical framework by which the impact of the treaty’s environmental provisions are assessed. Finally, the chapter examines how voluntary mechanisms of environmental self-regulation such as ISO 14001 have impacted the strategy of domestic and international firms. The latest trends in the region are presented in charts and tables.

Impact of CAFTA-DR's Environmental Provisions on Member Countries and Firm-Level Environmental Voluntary Mechanisms

Central America has been characterised by the large presence of family business groups (FBGs). The objective of this study is to gain insights about the internationalisation and diversification strategies of selected FBGs. In addition, the study examines how networking influences these strategies. Internationalisation and agency theories provide the theoretical framework for the study. The findings reveal three insights: first Central American FBGs have taken a long time to internationalise reflecting the challenges related to the economical and historical development of the region. Second, the diversification of the FBGs into various sectors of the domestic economies is a key determinant of the internationalisation strategy. Third, the ownership structure and family networking linkages also determine internationalisation strategies.

Dina Frutos-Bencze

Papers

Impact of FDI and trade on environmental quality in the CAFTA-DR region

Impact of CAFTA-DR's Environmental Provisions on Member Countries and Firm-Level Environmental Voluntary Mechanisms

Central American family business groups: internationalisation and diversification strategies