The majority of imaging techniques use symmetric and asymmetric cryptography algorithms to encrypt digital media. Most of the research works contributed in the literature focus primarily on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm for encryption and decryption. This paper propose an analysis for performing image encryption and decryption by hybridization of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) with Hill Cipher (HC), ECC with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and ElGamal with Double Playfair Cipher (DPC). This analysis is based on the following parameters: (i) Encryption and decryption time, (ii) entropy of encrypted image, (iii) loss in intensity of the decrypted image, (iv) Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), (v) Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR), and (vi) Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI). The hybrid process involves the speed and ease of implementation from symmetric algorithms, as well as improved security from asymmetric algorithms. ECC and ElGamal cryptosystems provide asymmetric key cryptography, while HC, AES, and DPC are symmetric key algorithms. ECC with AES are perfect for remote or private communications with smaller image sizes based on the amount of time needed for encryption and decryption. The metric measurement with test cases finds that ECC and HC have a good overall solution for image encryption.

https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/20/18/5162/pdf

Analytical Study of Hybrid Techniques for Image Encryption and Decryption.

An improved SVD-based blind color image watermarking algorithm with mixed modulation incorporated

Adaptive Range Genetic Algorithm: A hybrid optimization approach and its application in the design and economic optimization of Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger

Improved payload capacity in LSB image steganography uses dilated hybrid edge detection

Optical and thermal remote sensing data have been an important tool in geological exploration for certain deposit types. However, the present economic and technological advances demand the adaptation of the remote sensing data and image processing techniques to the exploration of other raw materials like lithium (Li). A bibliometric analysis, using a systematic review approach, was made to understand the recent interest in the application of remote sensing methods in Li exploration. A review of the application studies and developments in this field was also made. Throughout the paper, the addressed topics include: (i) achievements made in Li exploration using remote sensing methods; (ii) the main weaknesses of the approaches; (iii) how to overcome these difficulties; and (iv) the expected research perspectives. We expect that the number of studies concerning this topic will increase in the near future and that remote sensing will become an integrated and fundamental tool in Li exploration.

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/5/1785/pdf

Detecting Lithium (Li) Mineralizations from Space: Current Research and Future Perspectives

Steganography and Cryptography are two popular ways of sending vital information in a secret way. One hides the existence of the message and the other distorts the message itself. There are many cryptography techniques available; among them AES is one of the most powerful techniques. In Steganography we have various techniques in different domains like spatial domain, frequency domain etc. to hide the message. It is very difficult to detect hidden message in frequency domain and for this domain we use various transformations like DCT, FFT and Wavelets etc. In this project we are developing a system where we develop a new technique in which Cryptography and Steganography are used as integrated part along with newly developed enhanced security module. In Cryptography we are using AES algorithm to encrypt a message and a part of the message is hidden in DCT of an image; remaining part of the message is used to generate two secret keys which make this system highly secured. Keyword: Cryptography, Steganography, Stego- image, Threshold Value, DCT Coefficient

Proposed System for data hiding using Cryptography and Steganography Proposed System for data hiding using Cryptography and Steganography

Steganography and Cryptography are two popular ways of sending vital information in a secret way. One hides the existence of the message and the other distorts the message itself. There are many cryptography techniques available; among them AES is one of the most powerful techniques. In Steganography we have various techniques in different domains like spatial domain, frequency domain etc. to hide the message. It is very difficult to detect hidden message in frequency domain and for this domain we use various transformations like DCT, FFT and Wavelets etc. In this project we are developing a system where we develop a new technique in which Cryptography and Steganography are used as integrated part along with newly developed enhanced security module. In Cryptography we are using AES algorithm to encrypt a message and a part of the message is hidden in DCT of an image; remaining part of the message is used to generate two secret keys which make this system highly secured.

/pdf/proposed-system-for-data-hiding-using-cryptography-and-hh4580o497.pdf

Proposed System for Data Hiding Using Cryptography and Steganography

JPEG based steganography methods using Cohort Intelligence with Cognitive Computing and modified Multi Random Start Local Search optimization algorithms

In this paper, we have proposed two steganographic techniques which use JPEG compression on greyscale image to hide secret text. JPEG compression is based on discrete cosine transform technique. In order to improve the capacity, a quantization table of size $$16\times 16$$
 is practiced instead of a standard JPEG quantization table. Also, the proposed work presents two novel optimization algorithms applied on steganography which are based on the concept of cohort intelligence (CI) with cognitive computing (CC) and Multi-random start local search (MRSLS) algorithm. CI is an emerging optimization algorithm inspired from social learning of one another. This algorithm is being tested to solve unconstrained, constrained and NP-hard combinatorial problems and shows promising results. CC involves self-learning systems and is an emerging area in the field of machine learning. In the proposed work, CI, CC and MRSLS which is inspired from duo-swapping approach and tested to solve NP-hard combinatorial problems, are combined and applied to steganography to produce good results. This work has modified the MRSLS algorithm and applied to steganography to test and validate our results with other comparable algorithms. Experiments are done to test six greyscale images. Experimental results will reveal the quality of stego-images and the secret message embedding capacity.

Image Steganography Capacity Improvement Using Cohort Intelligence and Modified Multi-Random Start Local Search Methods

In the recent high level of information security was attained by combining the concepts of cryptography, steganography along with the nature inspired optimization algorithms. However, in today's world computational speed plays a vital role for the success of any scientific method. The optimization algorithms, such as cohort Intelligence with Cognitive Computing (CICC) and Modified-Multi Random Start Local Search (M-MRSLS) were already implemented and applied for JPEG image steganography for 8 × 8 as well as 16 × 16 quantization table, respectively. Although results were satisfactory in terms of image quality and capacity, the computational time was high for most of the test images. To overcome this challenge, the paper proposes modified version of cohort intelligence (CI) algorithm referred to as Improved Cohort Intelligence (CI). The Improved CI algorithm was considered as a cryptography technique and implemented to generate optimized cipher text. Improved CI algorithm was further employed for JPEG image steganography to propose a reversible data hiding scheme. Experimentation was done on grey scale image, of size 256 × 256; both for 8 × 8 and 16 × 16 quantization table. Results validation of the proposed work exhibited very encouraging improvements in the computational cost.

Dipti Kapoor Sarmah

Papers

Proposed System for data hiding using Cryptography and Steganography Proposed System for data hiding using Cryptography and Steganography

Proposed System for Data Hiding Using Cryptography and Steganography

JPEG based steganography methods using Cohort Intelligence with Cognitive Computing and modified Multi Random Start Local Search optimization algorithms

Image Steganography Capacity Improvement Using Cohort Intelligence and Modified Multi-Random Start Local Search Methods

Improved Cohort Intelligence—A high capacity, swift and secure approach on JPEG image steganography