Neospora caninum is a protozoan parasite of animals. Until 1988, it was misidentified as Toxoplasma gondii. Since its first recognition in dogs in 1984 and the description of the new genus and species Neospora caninum in 1988, neosporosis has emerged as a serious disease of cattle and dogs worldwide. Abortions and neonatal mortality are a major problem in livestock operations, and neosporosis is a major cause of abortion in cattle. Although antibodies to N. caninum have been reported, the parasite has not been detected in human tissues. Thus, the zoonotic potential is uncertain. This review is focused mainly on the epidemiology and control of neosporosis in cattle, but worldwide seroprevalences of N. caninum in animals and humans are tabulated. The role of wildlife in the life cycle of N. caninum and strategies for the control of neosporosis in cattle are discussed.

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Epidemiology and Control of Neosporosis and Neospora caninum

Neosporosis in animals--the last five years.

Pathogenesis of bovine neosporosis.

Diagnosis of bovine neosporosis

Australian dingoes are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum.

Four captive-raised coyote pups consumed tissues from Neospora caninum-infected calves. Faeces were examined from 4 days before to 28 days after infection. One pup shed N. caninum-like oocysts, which tested positive for N. caninum and negative for Hammondia heydorni using PCR tests. Coyotes are the second discovered definitive host of N. caninum, after dogs. In North America, the expanding coyote ranges and population increase the probability of contact with domestic livestock. To reduce the risk of transmission of N. caninum to intensively farmed cattle, we recommend protection of feedstuffs using canid-proof fences, and careful disposal of dead stock.

Rapid communication Coyotes (Canis latrans) are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum

https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1373&context=icwdm_usdanwrc

Doris E. Zemlicka

Papers

Rapid communication Coyotes (Canis latrans) are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum

Coyotes ( Canis latrans ) are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum