Quality of experience (QoE) is the perceptual quality of service (QoS) from the users' perspective. For video service, the relationship between QoE and QoS (such as coding parameters and network statistics) is complicated because users' perceptual video quality is subjective and diversified in different environments. Traditionally, QoE is obtained from subjective test, where human viewers evaluate the quality of tested videos under a laboratory environment. To avoid high cost and offline nature of such tests, objective quality models are developed to predict QoE based on objective QoS parameters, but it is still an indirect way to estimate QoE. With the rising popularity of video streaming over the Internet, data-driven QoE analysis models have newly emerged due to availability of large-scale data. In this paper, we give a comprehensive survey of the evolution of video quality assessment methods, analyzing their characteristics, advantages, and drawbacks. We also introduce QoE-based video applications and, finally, identify the future research directions of QoE.

From QoS to QoE: A Tutorial on Video Quality Assessment

Catherine Durnell Cramton (\"The Mutual Knowledge Prob- conditions, the impact of organizational change on subsequent lem and Its Consequences for Dispersed Collaboration\") is Asso- performance and survival, and the consequences of organizational ciate Professor in the School of Management at George Mason structures and dynamics for employees\' careers and the compo- University. She recieved her Ph.D. in organizational behavior from sition of organizations\' work forces. She serves on the editorial Yale University. Her research explores the contemporary chal- boards of Organization Science, Administrative Science Quar- lenges of collaboration and leadership, including distributed work, terly, and the American Sociological Review. Address: Columbia interorganizational collaboration, project team leadership, and the University, Graduate School of Business, 706 Uris Hall, New impact of technology on collaboration. Address: School of Man- York, NY 10027-6902; telephone: (212) 854-4424; e-mail: agement, Mail Stop 5F5, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA hah15@columbia.edu . 22030-4444; telephone: (703) 993-1814; fax: (202) 318-4319; John C. Henderson (\"Understanding `Strategic Learning\': e-mail: ccramton@som.gmu.edu . Linking Organizational Learning, Knowledge Management, and Sue R. Faerman (\"Understanding Interorganizational Cooper- Sensemaking\") is the Richard C. Shipley Professor of Manage- ation: Private-Public Collaboration in Regulating Financial Market ment, Chairperson of the Information Systems Department, and Innovation\") is Professor of Public Administration and Organiza- Director of the Institute for Leading in a Dynamic Economy at tional Studies and Dean of Undergraduate Studies at the University Boston University\'s School of Management. He is a noted at Albany, State University of New York. Her research focuses on researcher, consultant, and executive educator with papers appear- the paradoxical nature of leadership and organizational perfor- ing in many refereed journals. His coauthored book, Knowledge mance. She received her Ph.D. in public administration from the Engine, examines leveraging a firm\'s knowledge assets. His University at Albany, State University of New York. Address: research interests include: managing strategic partnerships, impact Office of Undergraduate Studies-LC30, University at Albany, of the mobile Internet on markets and organizations, and knowl- State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, edge management. Address: Boston University School of Man- NY 12222; telephone: (518) 442-3950; fax: (518) 442-4959; e-mail: agement, 595 Commonwealth Avenue, Room 546H, Boston, MA sfaerman@uamail.albany.edu . 02215; telephone: (617) 353-6142; fax: (617) 353-1695; e-mail: James F. Fairbank (\"Emulation in Academia: Balancing Struc- jchender@bu.edu . ture and Identity\") received his Ph.D. in management and organi- Giuseppe (Joe) Labianca (\"Emulation in Academia: Balancing zation, The Pennsylvania State University and is an assistant pro- Structure and Identity\") received his Ph.D. in management and or- fessor of management in the College of Business and Economics ganization, The Pennsylvania State University, and is an assistant at West Virginia University in Morgantown, WV. His current re- professor of organization and management at Emory University\'s search interests are strategic decision making and the management Goizueta Business School in Atlanta, GA. His primary interests are of information technology. Address: College of Business and Eco- in network and cognition research at the intra- and interorganiza- nomics, P.O. Box 6025, Morgantown, WV 26506-6025; telephone: tional levels. Recent projects have investigated the antecedents and (304) 293-7937; fax: (304) 293-5652; e-mail: ifairban@wvu.edu . consequences of disliking others in one\'s social networks at work, Dennis A. Gioia (\"Emulation in Academia: Balancing Structure as well as investigating the process of emulation between organ- and Identity\") is Professor of Organizational Behavior, Department zations. He conducts both quantitative and qualitative research, and of Management and Organization, Smeal College of Business Ad- has published in the Academy of Management Journal and Orga- ministration at The Pennsylvania State University. His current nization Science. He is currently serving on the editorial review research and writing interests focus primarily on the cognitive board of the Academy of Management Journal. Address: Goizueta processes of organization members, especially the ways in which Business School, 1300 Clifton Road, Emory University, Atlanta, identity, image, and reputation are involved in organizational GA 30322; telephone: (404) 727-7662; fax: (404) 727-6663; e-mail: sensemaking, sensegiving, and change. His work has appeared joe_labianca@bus.emory.edu . in many of the top journals in the field and he has coedited two David P. McCaffrey (\"Understanding Interorganizational Co- volumes of original contributions: The Thinking Organization operation: Private-Public Collaboration in Regulating Financial and Creative Action in Organizations. Address: Smeal College of Market Innovation\") is Professor of Public Administration, Public Business, Penn State University, 403 Beam BAB, University Park, Policy, and Organizational Studies at the University at Albany, PA 16802; telephone: (814) 865-6370; fax: (814) 863-7261; e-mail: State University of New York. His research focuses on the orga- dag4@psu.edu . nizational dynamics of regulatory systems. He received his Ph.D. Heather A. Haveman (\"Organizational Environments in Flux: in sociology from the State University of New York at Stony The Impact of Regulatory Punctuations on Organizational Do- Brook. Address: Department of Public Administration and Policy, mains, CEO Succession, and Performance\") is Professor of Man- University at Albany, State University of New York, 135 Western agement at the Graduate School of Business, Columbia University. Avenue, Albany, NY 12222; e-mail: d.mccaffrey@albany.edu . She received her Ph.D. in organizational behavior and industrial Alan D. Meyer (\"Organizational Environments in Flux: The relations from the Haas School of Business Administration at the Impact of Regulatory Punctuations on Organizational Domains, University of California at Berkeley in 1990. Her research inves- CEO Succession, and Performance\") is the Charles H. Lundquist tigates organizations\' responses to shifting internal and external Professor of Entrepreneurial Management at the University of

About Authors

Blind video quality assessment (BVQA) algorithms are traditionally designed with a two-stage approach - a feature extraction stage that computes typically hand-crafted spatial and/or temporal features, and a regression stage working in the feature space that predicts the perceptual quality of the video. Unlike the traditional BVQA methods, we propose a Video Multi-task End-to-end Optimized neural Network (V-MEON) that merges the two stages into one, where the feature extractor and the regressor are jointly optimized. Our model uses a multi-task DNN framework that not only estimates the perceptual quality of the test video but also provides a probabilistic prediction of its codec type. This framework allows us to train the network with two complementary sets of labels, both of which can be obtained at low cost. The training process is composed of two steps. In the first step, early convolutional layers are pre-trained to extract spatiotemporal quality-related features with the codec classification subtask. In the second step, initialized with the pre-trained feature extractor, the whole network is jointly optimized with the two subtasks together. An additional critical step is the adoption of 3D convolutional layers, which creates novel spatiotemporal features that lead to a significant performance boost. Experimental results show that the proposed model clearly outperforms state-of-the-art BVQA methods.The source code of V-MEON is available at https://ece.uwaterloo.ca/~zduanmu/acmmm2018bvqa.

End-to-End Blind Quality Assessment of Compressed Videos Using Deep Neural Networks

Expansion of the residential photovoltaic systems and its harmonic impact on the distribution grid

Abstract Significant public investments in rural broadband internet service authorized by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act raise new questions regarding the impacts of broadband on rural residents and communities. The results of a natural field experiment involving broadband internet projects funded by the Community Connect program of the Rural Utilities Service are reviewed here to provide a context for future evaluations of the effects of broadband infrastructure deployment and efforts to stimulate sustainable broadband use in rural areas. Based on pre–post surveys conducted in four communities in 2005 and 2008, the implementation of broadband infrastructure grants increased broadband adoption, although penetration also increased where a grant was awarded but later terminated. Public education efforts in a community participating in the ConnectKentucky initiative had an incremental effect on broadband adoption by positively affecting residents' perceptions of broadband service. Impacts on individual economic development activities and community satisfaction were not found. Implications for rural broadband initiatives and future evaluations of their effects are drawn.

The Impact of Rural Broadband Development: Lessons From a Natural Field Experiment - TOP THREE PAPER

Efficiency of a video coding process, as well as accuracy of an objective video quality evaluation can be significantly improved by introduction of the human visual system (HVS) characteristics. In this paper we analyze one of these characteristics; namely, visual acuity reduction due to the foveated vision and object movements in a video sequence. We propose a new video quality metric called Foveated Mean Squared Error (FMSE) that takes into account a variable resolution of the HVS across the visual field. The highest visual acuity is at the point of fixation that falls into fovea, an area at retina with the highest density of photoreceptors. Visual acuity decreases rapidly for image regions which are further with respect to the fixation point. FMSE also utilizes the effect of additional spatial acuity reduction due to motion in a video sequence. The quality measures calculated by FMSE have shown a high correlation with experimental results obtained by subjective video quality assessment.

Foveated mean squared error--a novel video quality metric

New hybrid data mining model for credit scoring based on feature selection algorithm and ensemble classifiers

Network providers need very effective optimization tool for good utilization of scarce link capacities during finite exploitation period. In the case of multiple link capacities with mutual traffic correlation such problem could be more demanding. The problem is explained for satellite link, but it could be applicable for other transmission resources. Mathematical model for optimal capacity sizing of N different link elements (capacity types) is explained, minimizing the total expansion cost on getaway link (G-link) by new constructions on the Earth. Instead of nonlinear convex optimization technique, that could be very exhausted, the network optimization method is applied. With such approach an efficient heuristic algorithm for three different capacity types is being developed. Through numerical test- examples it shows high efficiency and significant complexity savings, giving us close to optimal result. However, in real circumstances some adding limitations on capacity state values can be introduced. From testing is obvious that heuristic option M_H (with only one negative value per capacity state) shows the best ratio between complexity and result deterioration.

/pdf/better-bandwidth-utilization-of-multiple-link-capacities-3ccfzlf0wj.pdf

Better bandwidth utilization of multiple link capacities with mutual traffic correlation

One of the most important issues in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is reduction of power consumption, prolonging the network lifetime (for battery powered networks) or reducing the induced $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$CO2 emissions (for grid powered networks). Power consumption reduction can be achieved in various ways: transmitter power control, duty cycling, data reduction and others. This paper analyses the impact of several parameters on power consumption of Digi's XBee PRO of shelf WSN modules. To determine the conditions for transmitter power control, this paper presents measurement analysis for indoor RF propagation in order to determine the minimum received signal strength for high data transfer reliability. Measurement analysis is conducted using response surface methodology and the conclusions based on the respective measurement results are given resulting in a mathematical model of the node's power consumption. Also, optimization of power consumption is shown for various parameters using desirability functions, where optimal parameters for minimum power consumption are presented.

Response surface methodology based power consumption and RF propagation analysis and optimization on XBee WSN module

Encouraged by broadband development initiatives and strategies that aim at the reduction of the existing digital divide between rural and urban European areas by the year 2020, the current situation in the case study of Croatian rural broadband market is analysed, and the possibilities for further broadband Internet access implementation in rural areas are highlighted in the paper within the context of broadband ecosystem elements analysis. Furthermore, in order to address the exisiting digital divide problem, an extended techno- economic modelling process for rural broadband Internet access implementation analyses is proposed. The proposed additional part of model serves as an upgrade for the standard techno- economic models and allows a detailed analysis of the specificities of different rural areas, based on the available data. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed model’s application when choosing the best business strategies for different fixed and mobile, wired and wireless broadband access solutions in rural areas is presented.

/pdf/broadband-ecosystem-elements-in-techno-economic-modelling-1aw3506kel.pdf

Drago Žagar

Papers

Foveated mean squared error--a novel video quality metric

New hybrid data mining model for credit scoring based on feature selection algorithm and ensemble classifiers

Better bandwidth utilization of multiple link capacities with mutual traffic correlation

Response surface methodology based power consumption and RF propagation analysis and optimization on XBee WSN module

Broadband ecosystem elements in techno-economic modelling and analysing of broadband access solutions for rural areas