The nexus between urbanization, renewable energy, trade, and ecological footprint in ASEAN countries

Nowadays, it is widely recognized that the current production and consumption models are no longer adequate because of the inefficient use of resources (especially energy) and its dramatical consequences, environmental load and social inequality (UNEP 2011). In this context, Circular Economy (CE) has started to be considered a sustainable economic paradigm (Geissdoerfer et al. 2017), enabled by novel business models (Lewandowski 2016) and responsible consumers (Borrello et al. 2017). As highlighted by McDowall et al. 2017), the origin of the concept emerged in Europe in the 1980s and 1990s, together with early policies of the EuropeanUnionmember states, drawing on ideas that can be traced to the 1970s. Driven by a desire to divert waste from landfill, the Netherlands and Germany pioneered concepts of waste prevention and reduction, with the waste hierarchy introduced to the Dutch Parliament in 1979. However, even acknowledging that CE was rooted in environmental economics, there is today a huge interdisciplinary framework underpinning CE. This new framework offers good prospect for gradual involvement of the present economic system, including production and consumption models. We can say that at the moment, CE has the supreme goal of promoting sustainable development through the dissociation of environmental pressure from economic growth (Ghisellini et al. 2016; Schandl et al. 2016; Bruel et al. 2019). According to Ghisellini et al. (2016), CE is a new economic system aiming to increase the efficiency of resource use to achieve improvements in the existing balance between economy, environment and society. In this line, the concept of CE has recently been proposed as a new development strategy that aims to mitigate the contradiction between the rapid economic growth and the shortage of raw materials and energy (Christis et al. 2019). Although there is no commonly accepted definition of CE so far, the core of CE is the closed flow of materials and the use of raw materials and energy through multiple phases (Gan et al. 2013). The ‘3R’ principles—reduction, reuse, and recycling of materials and energy—are often cited to describe the three possible approaches in practice (the goals of reduce, reuse, and especially recycle have become the only acceptable ways of disposing of waste (Yong 2007, Yellishetty et al. 2011, Samiha 2013, Ahmadi 2017, Huang et al. 2018). This concept has been pursued by many countries’ environmental policy makers as a potential strategy to solve existing environmental problems (Preston and Carr 2018). As one of the main objectives of governments is to promote the sustainable development of economy and society, it also helps to achieve sustainable environmental protection (Yuan et al. 2006). Once the high economic potential of CE has been recognized, in the European Union, different CE Action Plans have been proposed as new initiatives, changes or adaptations to legislation, mainly related to waste and landfills at the beginning. In 2015, a range of policy measures collectively known as the Circular Economy Package, and later replaced by the Closing the Loop-An Action Plan for the CE, were approved in Europe (COM2015). At present times the CE is a priority for Europe. Nearly 1 billion from Horizon 2020’s final Work Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Current trends in economy, sustainable development, and energy: a circular economy view

Analysis on the nexus of economic growth, fossil fuel energy consumption, CO2 emissions and oil price in Africa based on a PMG panel ARDL approach

Energy consumption, CO2 emissions and economic growth in developed, emerging and Middle East and North Africa countries

Clean energy, population density, urbanization and environmental pollution nexus: evidence from Bangladesh

This research seeks to enhance the current literature by exploring the nexus among environmental contamination, economic growth, energy use, and foreign direct investment in 6 selected sub-Saharan African nations for a time of 34 years (1980–2014). By applying panel unit root (CADF and CIPS, cross-sectional independence test), panel cointegration (Pedroni and Kao cointegration test, panel PP, panel ADF), Hausman poolability test, and an auto-regressive distributed lag procedure in view of the pooled mean group estimation (ARDL/PMG), experimental findings disclose that alluding to the related probability values, the null hypothesis of cross-sectional independence for all variables is rejected because they are not stationary at levels but rather stationary at their first difference. The variables are altogether integrated at the same order I(1). Findings revealed that there is a confirmation of a bidirectional causality between energy use and CO2 in the short-run and one-way causality running from energy use to CO2 in the long run. There is additionally a significant positive outcome and unidirectional causality from CO2 to foreign direct investment in the long run yet no causal relationship in the short run. An increase in energy use by 1% causes an increase in CO2 by 49%. An increase in economic growth by 1% causes an increment in CO2 by 16% and an increase in economic growth squared by 1% diminishes CO2 by 46%. The positive and negative impacts of economic growth and its square approve the EKC theory. To guarantee sustainable economic development goal, more strict laws like sequestration ought to be worked out, use of sustainable power source ought to be stressed, and GDP ought to be multiplied to diminish CO2 by the utilization of eco-technology for instance carbon capturing, to save lives and also to maintain a green environment.

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Investigating the nexus among environmental pollution, economic growth, energy use, and foreign direct investment in 6 selected sub-Saharan African countries

This study analyzed the asymmetric effects of financial development on economic growth using a model augmented with inflation and government expenditure asymmetries to inform model specification. T...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2158244019894071

The Asymmetric Influence of Financial Development on Economic Growth in Kenya: Evidence From NARDL:

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Impact of Economic Growth, Energy Use and Population Growth on Carbon Emissions in Sub-Sahara Africa

Plausible economic growth would undoubtedly offset the unemployment-output tradeoff to subjective wellbeing and relieving labor market discrepancies. This study expands on the tradeoff exploration considering the impact of unemployment-inflation on SWB and, output growth on unemployment using output gap as the tradeoff regulator and using a quadratic specification and the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag, respectively. Authors explored this effects and specifically the nonlinear response of subjective wellbeing (SWB) to inflation, unemployment and output, and the asymmetric responses by unemployment to business cycle output for Kenya. The main results report that first, output per capita gap is important in regulating the inflation-unemployment tradeoff and negativities to SWB with costlier effects by unemployment than inflation. Secondly, unemployment trades off with long run shocks in cyclical output although they exhibit symmetric nature of Okun law. Thirdly, unemployment negatively relates to fiscal policy in the long run as the tradeoff is supported. Therefore, to alleviate SWB, feasible unemployment alleviation policies are required while to incarcerate the persisting unemployment and minimizing labor market discrepancies, feasible labor supply and fiscal side policies should be implemented since short run and including policy specific reforms. This, would therefore supplement the usually time-lagging effects by implemented structural reforms.

Inflation, unemployment and subjective wellbeing: nonlinear and asymmetric influences of economic growth

Public participation is currently the famous tool of promoting transparency, accountability and effectiveness of any modern government. Kenya adopted this system of engaging citizens in governance when the new constitution was promulgated in 2010 that ushered in a decentralized system of government. This process has however been faced with challenges. Instead of reducing conflicts between government and the public, it has heightened witnessing so many petitions of government missing on priorities in terms of development and government policies. Using analytical survey approach, this study looks into what is happening in the day-to-day running of the devolved units of government and what can be done to avert the worsening ties between government and the public. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data which was subjected to descriptive statistics. On the findings, it emerged that the government is the main problem to promoting Public participation as regimes focus more on what they talked to people during campaigns and not what people need. There is great political interference ranging from ferrying a section of people, paying and coaching them to support unpopular government program. The findings also shows that the government tries to lock out citizens during participation process by giving a short notice and not designating venues for public participation events. The study concludes with strategies of enhancing public participation and reduce negative political influence by establishing an independent commission/institution or agency that will be incharge of public participation and coordination development programs. Keywords : Public Participation, challenges of Public Participation, Strategies of enhancing public participation, sustainable Development Compliance with Ethical standards: We complied with the ethical standards of the journal. Conflict of Interest: The authors declare to have no conflict of interest. Author’s consent: The aforementioned authors had a unanimous consensus to all processes undertaken towards the paper. Research Funded by: Prof Chen Hao; School of Management, Jiangsu University; 212013 DOI : 10.7176/PPAR/9-7-06 Publication date :July 31 st 2019

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Duncan O. Hongo

Papers

Investigating the nexus among environmental pollution, economic growth, energy use, and foreign direct investment in 6 selected sub-Saharan African countries

The Asymmetric Influence of Financial Development on Economic Growth in Kenya: Evidence From NARDL:

Impact of Economic Growth, Energy Use and Population Growth on Carbon Emissions in Sub-Sahara Africa

Inflation, unemployment and subjective wellbeing: nonlinear and asymmetric influences of economic growth

Strategies of Integrating Public Participation in Governance for Sustainable Development in Kenya