The news interview has become a major vehicle for presenting broadcast news and political commentary, and a primary interface between the institutions of journalism and government. This much-needed work examines the place of the news interview in Anglo-American society and considers its historical development in the United States and Britain. The main body of the book discusses the fundamental norms and conventions that shape conduct in the modern interview. It explores the particular recurrent practices through which journalists balance competing professional norms that encourage both objective and adversarial treatment of public figures. Through analyses of well-known interviews, the book explores the relationship between journalists and public figures and also how, in the face of aggressive questioning, politicians and other public figures struggle to stay 'on message' and pursue their own agendas. This comprehensive and wide-ranging book will be essential reading for students and researchers in sociolinguistics, media and communication studies.

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The News Interview: Journalists and Public Figures on the Air

The British news interview turn-taking system operates through a simple form of turn-type preallocation. This article shows that a large number of the systematic differences between the news interview and mundane conversation are a product of these constraints on the production of types of turns. It then explores the relationship of turn-type preallocation in news interviews to the background legal and institutional restrictions on British broadcast journalists. In so doing, it notes how the organisation of turn-taking in two other types of broadcast interview can differ from that in the news interview due to differences between the institutionalized footings that the interviewers are conventionally required to maintain within them. (Conversation analysis, mass communication, British speech, turn-taking systems, institutional talk)

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0047404500012963

A turn-taking system for British news interviews

The percentage of the audience of any TV program who watch another program on another day of the same week is approximately equal to the rating of the second program times a constant. For programs ...

Duplication of Television Viewing between and within Channels

Television and radio in the United Kingdom

The present study is a long term structural analysis of how broadcasting systems develop and change The analysis focuses primarily on the establishment and development of public service television in Britain and Norway, and combines two different approaches: broadcasting policy studies and historical analysis The study has been based mainly on documentary sources: Official publications, comments on broadcasting policy from various groups and interested parties, and material published by the two broadcasting corporations (the BBC and the NRK)
The study has produced results on two levels: Firstly, it has identified a series of similar processes and alliances in the two countries in connection with the establishment and development of broadcasting systems Secondly, it has produced detailed results regarding the present crisis for public broadcasting in the two countries The study has demonstrated that while the privileges of the BBC and the NRK have been undermined, they are still expected to fulfil many of their original obligations, obligations which in turn have become more difficult to fulfil
These developments have presented the corporation with difficult challenges regarding both their financial bases and their social legitimacy The corporations have both responded these challenges with a dual strategy: On the one hand they have attempted to improve their financial balances and adapt to market-standards, whereas on the other they have strengthened their commitment to some of the areas which they have seen as crucial to their identity as public broadcasters While these strategies may be successful in the short term, however, they may produce new challenges in the long term

Public Television in Transition: A Comparative and Historical Analysis of the BBC and the NRK

Broadcasting and public policy

Phylogenetic placement, the problem of placing a “query” sequence into a precomputed phylogenetic “backbone” tree, is useful for constructing large trees, performing taxon identification of newly obtained sequences, and other applications. The most accurate current methods, such as pplacer and EPA-ng, are based on maximum likelihood and require that the query sequence be provided within a multiple sequence alignment that includes the leaf sequences in the backbone tree. This approach enables high accuracy but also makes these likelihood-based methods computationally intensive on large backbone trees, and can even lead to them failing when the backbone trees are very large (e.g., having 50,000 or more leaves). We present SCAMPP (SCaling AlignMent-based Phylogenetic Placement), a technique to extend the scalability of these likelihood-based placement methods to ultra-large backbone trees. We show that pplacer-SCAMPP and EPA-ng-SCAMPP both scale well to ultra-large backbone trees (even up to 200,000 leaves), with accuracy that improves on APPLES and APPLES-2, two recently developed fast phylogenetic placement methods that scale to ultra-large datasets. EPA-ng-SCAMPP and pplacer-SCAMPP are available at https://github.com/chry04/PLUSplacer.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8857/4359833/09763324.pdf

SCAMPP: Scaling Alignment-Based Phylogenetic Placement to Large Trees

Abstract Clustering and community detection in networks are of broad interest and have been the subject of extensive research that spans several fields. We are interested in the relatively narrow question of detecting communities of scientific publications that are linked by citations. These publication communities can be used to identify scientists with shared interests who form communities of researchers. Building on the well-known k-core algorithm, we have developed a modular pipeline to find publication communities with center–periphery structure. Using a quantitative and qualitative approach, we evaluate community finding results on a citation network consisting of over 14 million publications relevant to the field of extracellular vesicles. We compare our approach to communities discovered by the widely used Leiden algorithm for community finding.

Center–periphery structure in research communities

Phylogenetic placement, the problem of placing sequences into phylogenetic trees, has been limited either by the number of sequences placed in a single run or by the size of the placement tree. The most accurate scalable phylogenetic placement method with respect to the number of query sequences placed, EPA-ng, has a runtime that scales sub-linearly to the number of query sequences. However, larger phylogenetic trees cause an increase in EPA-ng’s memory usage, limiting the method to placement trees of up to 10,000 sequences. Our recently designed SCAMPP framework has been shown to scale EPA-ng to larger placement trees of up to 200,000 sequences by building a subtree for the placement of each query sequence. The approach of SCAMPP does not take advantage of EPA-ng’s parallel efficiency since it only places a single query for each run of EPA-ng. Here we present BATCH-SCAMPP, a new technique that overcomes this barrier and enables EPA-ng and other phylogenetic placement methods to scale to ultra-large backbone trees and many query sequences. BATCH-SCAMPP is freely available at https://github.com/ewedell/BSCAMPP_code.

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E. G. Wedell

Papers

Broadcasting and public policy

SCAMPP: Scaling Alignment-Based Phylogenetic Placement to Large Trees

Center–periphery structure in research communities

BATCH-SCAMPP: Scaling phylogenetic placement methods to place many sequences