Equilibrium vacancies and thermophysical properties of metals

This review presents systematically most of the experimental data which have been obtained from measurements of bulk properties of alloys and intermetallic compounds containing atoms of transition metals, rare earths or actinides which can be considered as non-interacting with each other. Criteria for the observation of effects due to non-interacting atoms are given. Data are reported from measurements of magnetic properties, electrical resistivity, specific heat, superconductivity, thermoelectric power, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion and compressibility, de Haas-van Alphen and Hall effects and optical properties. Systematic trends in experimental behaviour can be observed in many of these data, and using this observation experimental parameters are defined which are used to classify the data before attempting a comparison with theories.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0034-4885/37/2/001/pdf

Formation of localized moments in metals: experimental bulk properties

[1] We present the results of an experimental study of topography dynamics under conditions of constant precipitation and uplift rate. The experiment is designed to develop a complete drainage network by the growth and propagation of erosion instabilities in response to tectonic perturbations. The quantitative analysis of topographic evolution is made possible by using telemetric lasers that perform elevation measurements at an excellent level of precision. We focus our study on the effect of initial surface organization and of uplift rate on both the transient dynamics and the steady state forms of topography. We show that the transient phase is strongly dependent on the initial internally drained area, which is found to decrease exponentially with time. The topography always reaches a steady state whose mean elevation depends linearly on uplift rate with a strictly positive value when uplift is zero. Steady state surfaces are characterized by a well-defined slope–area power law with a constant exponent of −0.12 and an amplitude that depends linearly on uplift rate with a strictly positive value when uplift is zero. These results are consistent with a stream power law erosion model that includes a nonnegligible threshold for particle detachment. Uncertainty regarding the sediment transport length is resolved by calibrating the transient dynamics with a surface process model. Reappraising published results on the linear dependency between mean elevation, or relief, and denudation rate, we suggest that an erosion threshold is worth considering for large-scale systems.

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2002JB001785

Laboratory experiments simulating the geomorphic response to tectonic uplift

Elastic constants and statistical ensembles in molecular dynamics

Two models have been proposed for the interconnection of the defect Gibbs energy gi with bulk properties almost 60 and 30years ago, respectively. The one, proposed by Zener [J. Appl. Phys. 22, 372 (1951)], assumes that gi can account for the work that goes into straining the lattice and hence that it is proportional to the shear modulus of the solid. The other considers that since gi corresponds to an isobaric and isothermal process, it should be proportional to the isothermal bulk modulus and the mean volume per atom. The results of these two models are compared for different processes (defect formation, self-diffusion activation, and heterodiffusion) in a variety of solids including metals (fcc, bcc, and tetragonal) as well as solids that exhibit a superionic behavior. We find that the latter model does better than the former.

Comparison of models that interconnect point defect parameters in solids with bulk properties

The electrical resistance of metallic glasses was measured as a function of temperature between 1.5 and 300K under pressures of up to 12 GPa (120 kbar). Depending on the system, the resistivity is either found to increase (Mg70Zn30) or to decrease (Cu57Zr43, Ti50Be40Zr10). This behaviour is in contrast to the negative temperature coefficient of resistivity which all the amorphous alloys considered here exhibit. The results are compared with theoretical predictions.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0305-4608/12/12/026/pdf

Pressure dependence of the electrical resistivity of some metallic glasses

Precise measurements of the temperature dependence of the Hall effect are reported for the amorphous alloys Pd30Zr70, Ni64Zr36, Ni24Zr76, Fe24Zr76 and Cu50Ti50 as well as Pd80Si20 in the temperature range from 15 to 300K In all cases the Hall resistivity was found to depend linearly on the magnetic field, which was varied from 01 to 12 T The absolute value of the Hall coefficient decreases with increasing temperature in the transition-metal-transition-metal alloys Some possible explanations are discussed

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0305-4608/14/8/016/pdf

E. Lüscher

Papers

Pressure dependence of the electrical resistivity of some metallic glasses

The temperature dependence of the Hall coefficient of amorphous transition-metal alloys

Equilibrium defect properties of sodium in the high temperature range

Effect of pressure on the Kondo temperature of Cu(Fe)

Measurement of the lattice parameter of sodium by neutron-back-scattering