Bioactive compounds from medicinal plants: Focus on Piper species

Background: Spices traditionally have been used as coloring agents, flavoring agents, preservatives, food additives and medicine in Bangladesh. The present work aimed to find out the antimicrobial activity of natural spices on multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli isolates. Methods: Anti-bacterial potentials of six crude plant extracts (Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale, Allium cepa, Coriandrum sativum, Piper nigrum and Citrus aurantifolia) were tested against five Escherichia coli isolated from potable water sources at kushtia, Bangladesh. Results: All the bacterial isolates were susceptible to undiluted lime-juice. None of them were found to be susceptible against the aqueous extracts of garlic, onion, coriander, pepper and ginger alone. However, all the isolates were susceptible when subjected to 1:1:1 aqueous extract of lime, garlic and ginger. The highest inhibition zone was observed with lime (11 mm). Conclusion: Natural spices might have anti-bacterial activity against enteric pathogens and could be used for prevention of diarrheal diseases. Further evaluation is necessary.

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Antibacterial activity of natural spices on multiple drug resistant Escherichia coli isolated from drinking water, Bangladesh.

Phytochemical and pharmacological attributes of piperine: A bioactive ingredient of black pepper.

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of quercetin on myocardial oxidative stress and immunity function impairment induced by isoproterenol in rats. To induce myocardial ischemia, Wistar rats were subcutaneously injected with isoproterenol (70 mg/kg). Blood immunity index, cardiac marker enzymes and antioxidative parameters in hearts were measured. It was found that the levels of blood AST, creatine kinase, NO, NOS, IL-10, IL-1, IL-8 and lactate dehydrogenase in isoproterenol-treated rats were significantly increased. The rats administrated with isoproterenol showed the declines in myocardial antioxidant enzymes activities. Administration of quercetin significantly ameliorated myocardial oxidative injury and immunity function impairment induced by isoproterenol. The results indicated that quercetin possesses activity against isoproterenol-induced myocardial oxidative injury and immunity function impairment, and that the mechanism of pharmacological action was related at least in part to the antioxidant activity of quercetin.

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Immunity Activities of Quercetin in Isoproterenol-Treated Rats

Purpose: To examine whether seven species of plants of genus Piper possess anti-cancer effects. Methods: One normal breast and three breast cancer cell lines were used to test cytotoxic effects over a period of 72 h using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The dried plants were extracted with methanol and dichloromethane, and the effective extract isolated by crystallization, acid/base extraction and column chromatography techniques. Fragmented DNA was purified by phenol/chloroform/isoamyl alcohol. Results : Methanol and dichloromethane extracts of Piper retrofractum , Piper betle , especiall y Piper nigrum , exhibited strong effect on MDA-MB-468. When the crude extract of P. nigrum was then separated by column chromatography, fraction D showed activity against both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Fraction DE that was isolated from D demonstrated a highly cytotoxic effect with IC50 values of 8.33 ± 1.27 and 7.48 ± 0.57 μg/ml on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells, respectively. Furthermore, fraction DF exhibited a strong cytotoxic effect only on MCF-7 with IC50 value of 6.51 ± 0.39 μg/ml. DNA smears of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468 cells treated with fraction DE and DF were observed within 7 days. Conclusions: These results indicate that the compounds isolated from P. nigrum , viz, DE and DF, have cytotoxic effect on breast cancer cell lines. These fractions could be promising agent for breast cancer treatment. Further studies on the isolation, structural and mechanism elucidation of the active compound are still needed being carried out. Keywords : Cytotoxicity, Breast cancer, P. nigrum , DNA fragmentation

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Cytotoxicity Screening of Plants of Genus Piper in Breast Cancer Cell Lines

Many plant-derived molecules have shown a promising effect in therapeutics. Among the plants investigated to date, one showing enormous potential is the Piperaceae. The present study aimed to extract the phytochemical compounds in different solvent system in Piper longum, Piper nigrum and Piper cubeba as well as testing their antibacterial and antitumour activity. HPTLC analysis of P. nigrumsample showed six alkaloid bands two alkaloid bands were similar to Piperine standard 1 and 2, the other alkaloid may be piperidine, piperettine and piperanine.P. longum sample contain three alkaloid bands one band was similar to Piperine standard 1, the other may be piperlongumine and piperlonguminine and no alkaloid band was found in P. cubeba. The anti bacterial activity was tested against gram positive and negative organism using agar well diffusion method. High activity was found in P. nigrum ethanol extract against the organism Salmonella Typhii. The alkaloid piperdine was purified by refluxion method to check the antitumour activity which shows 51.38% of inhibition at 5 µg/ml concentration that conforms the compound piperidine to be used as anticancer drug for further mechanistic works.

	 

	Key words: Alkaloids, piperine, HPTLC, antibacterial activity, purification, piperidine, HEp2 cell lines.

E. Sathya

Papers

Isolation of piperdine from Piper nigrum and its antiproliferative activity

Isolation of piperdine from Piper nigrum and its antiproliferative activity.

Cytotoxic and osteogenic property of trilaurin assisted hydroxyapatite nanorods in simulated body fluid environment