A growing number of sociologists, political scientists, economists, and organizational theorists have invoked the concept of social capital in the search for answers to a broadening range of questions being confronted in their own fields. Seeking to clarify the concept and help assess its utility for organizational theory, we synthesize the theoretical research undertaken in these various disciplines and develop a common conceptual framework that identifies the sources, benefits, risks, and contingencies of social capital.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/4134367.pdf

Social Capital: Prospects for a New Concept

This chapter reviews social capital as discussed in the literature, identifies controversies and debates, considers some critical issues, and provides conceptual and research strategies for building a theory. It argues that such a theory and the research enterprise must be based on the fundamental understanding that social capital is captured from embedded resources in social networks. Such measurements can strength of tie network bridge, or intimacy, intensity, interaction and reciprocity be made relative to two frameworks: network resources and contact resources. There are many other measures, such as size, density, cohesion, and closeness of social networks which are candidates as measures for social capital. Network locations are necessary conditions of embedded resources. By considering social capital as assets in networks, the chapter discusses some issues in conceptualization, measurement, and causal mechanism. A proposed model identifies the exogenous factors leading to the acquisition (or the lack) of social capital as well as the expected returns of social capital.

Building a Network Theory of Social Capital

http://onemvweb.com/sources/sources/network_structure_social_capital.pdf

The Network Structure Of Social Capital

http://ivl.cns.iu.edu/km/pres/2009-zoss-links/2009-zoss-links-research-design/references/borgattifoster.pdf

The Network Paradigm in Organizational Research: A Review and Typology

The central argument of network research is that actors are embedded in networks of interconnected social relationships that offer opportunities for and constraints on behavior. We review research on the antecedents and consequences of networks at the interpersonal, interunit, and interorganizational levels of analysis, evaluate recent theoretical and empirical trends, and give directions for future research, highlighting the importance of investigating cross-level network phenomena.

/pdf/taking-stock-of-networks-and-organizations-a-multilevel-1td56u54yb.pdf

Taking Stock of Networks and Organizations: A Multilevel Perspective

The impact of social and human capital on the income attainment of Dutch managers

Questionnaire data obtained in 1986/87 are used to investigate the relationship between social & human capital in the income attainment process of Dutch business managers (N = 1,359). Results of multivariate analysis indicate that social capital (eg, external work contacts & memberships) has a substantial independent effect on income, apart from human capital (eg, education & experience) & position level (based on number of subordinates). Additionally, human & social capital interact in the income attainment process: eg, in industrial/society, social networks can still play a role comparable in importance to human capital. 3 Tables, 2 Figures, 1 Appendix, 22 References. Adapted from the source document.

/pdf/de-invloed-van-sociaal-en-menselijk-kapitaal-op-het-inkomen-1as9axu0b8.pdf

Ed A.W. Boxman

Papers

The impact of social and human capital on the income attainment of Dutch managers

De invloed van sociaal en menselijk kapitaal op het inkomen van Nederlandse managers