Showing papers by "Eddie M. Clark published in 2003"
TL;DR: Five strategies commonly used to target programs to culturally defined groups are described and a sixth approach, cultural tailoring, is explained, which might extend and enhance the ability to develop effective programs for cultural groups.
Abstract: It is a truism of health education that programs and interventions will be more effective when they are culturally appropriate for the populations they serve. In practice, however, the strategies used to achieve cultural appropriateness vary widely. This article briefly describes five strategies commonly used to target programs to culturally defined groups. It then explains how a sixth approach, cultural tailoring, might extend these strategies and enhance our ability to develop effective programs for cultural groups. The authors illustrate this new approach with an example of cultural tailoring for cancer prevention in a population of lower income urban African American women.
1,040 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the changes that occur in high school best friendships during the first year of college and found that during this period there was also an increase in costs and alternatives to best friend relationships.
Abstract: The transition from high school to college is an important phase for adolescents in social as well as academic aspects. This study examined the changes that occur in high school best friendships during the first year of college. Results revealed that during the first year in college high school best friendships declined in satisfaction, commitment, rewards, and investments. During this period there was also an increase in costs and alternatives to best friend relationships. Proximity did not influence the friendships; however, level of communication did moderate friendship deterioration. Furthermore, individuals who continued their best friendship reported engaging in more maintenance behaviors of positivity, supportiveness, self-disclosure, and interaction than individuals who reported a change in the relationship to close or casual friendship. Maintaining the best friendship also appeared to buffer adolescents from social loneliness. The results are discussed in terms of the implications of transitions on adolescent friendships.
210 citations
TL;DR: The present study examined the relationship between spiritual health locus of control, breast cancer beliefs, and mammography utilization among a sample of 1,227 African American women from urban public health centers.
Abstract: The present study examined the relationship between spiritual health locus of control, breast cancer beliefs, and mammography utilization among a sample of 1,227 African American women from urban public health centers. Spiritual health locus of control was conceptualized as having an active and passive dimension, empowering individuals in their health beliefs and behaviors or rendering them to rely on a higher power (e.g., God) to determine their health outcomes, respectively. The active dimension was negatively associated with perceived benefits of mammography and positively associated with perceived barriers to mammography. The active and passive spiritual dimensions are distinct from internal and external health locus of control. Further study of their associations with other health-related beliefs and behaviors is warranted.
140 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: The authors examined the effect of extracurricular activities (number of activities, holding positions of leadership, and relevance of the activities) on the attributions a resume reader makes about an applicant.
Abstract: This study examines the effects that extracurricular activities have on the attributions a resume reader makes about an applicant. Three characteristics of extracurricular activities (number of activities, holding positions of leadership, and relevance of the activities) were manipulated across 24 resumes of fictitious college graduates. Some 219 raters read the resumes and made judgments about the level of the applicant's quality. The results showed a main effect for the number of activities, a main effect for holding leadership positions, and a main effect for relevance of the activity. Furthermore, a three-way interaction revealed the differential effects that the relevance of the activities had on the attributions at different levels of leadership and number of activities. A mix of career-related and social activities garnered higher ratings for those who held leadership positions in five activities. However, for those who were leaders in only two activities or were not leaders in five, having only career-related activities earned them higher ratings. For applicants who were not leaders in two activities, relevance of the activities played no role.
60 citations