Tumors of the mammary gland

On the treatment of peritonitis

Inflammation Research Association (BIRAs) and the British Society for Immunology (BSI) at the 1999 BSI and British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology Joint Congress in December in Harrogate. The organisers and chairs were Dr. Neville Punchard, Prof. Frank Kelly and Prof. Richard Bruckdorfer. In organising a one day event on such a topic as Inflammation and the vascular endothelium it is difficult to cover all the topics one would like, even with a packed programme of 30 minute presentations! Thus this meeting concentrated on providing a flavour of some of the more relevant, and “hotter” subjects. Following our usual “curry with the speakers” at the Rajput on the Thursday, our appetiser for the Friday was delivered by Dorian Haskard (NHLI, Imperial College London) on “Cytokine regulation of endothelial activation in chronic inflammation”. Leukocyte-endothelial interactions play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of inflammation. Recent evidence suggests that during inflammation the endothelium up-regulates expression of protective genes. Data presented showed a time-dependent increase in endothelial expression of decay accelerating factor (DAF) induced by TNFa and IFNg, thrombin, C5b-C9 and VEGF. Thus protective endothelial adaptation to chronic inflammation exists, with related mechanisms inhibiting persistent complement-mediated endothelial activation. This was followed by two starters, the first of which was entitled “Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in the kidney” and was given by Caroline Savage (University of Birmingham). Anti-neutrophil cytosplasmic antibodies (ANCA) appear to be involved in neutrophil activation and adherence to endothelium in early lesions in renal inflammation. ANCA can stimulate neutrophils to produce a wide range of proinflammatory mediators, including reactive oxygen species, chemokines and proteases. They can also increase neutrophil adhesion to endothelium. ANCAs can also increase neutrophil apoptosis, although in a dis-regulated fashion, and retention of activated neutrophils undergoing this dis-regulated apoptosis may contribute to endothelial cell damage in inflammation in the kidney. The second starter was entitled “Pulmonary inflammation following exposure to ambient air pollution” and was Inflamm. res. 49 (2000) 438–44

The endothelium and inflammation.

Study design A retrospective study was performed. Objective To illustrate the characteristics of spine tumors during pregnancy and obtain better insight into therapeutic strategies of such tumors by analyzing 21 cases treated in Changzheng Hospital and reviewing previous reports in the literature. Summary of background data The concurrence of spine tumors and pregnancy is relatively rare. There are controversies over the treatment options for this disease, which increase the difficulty of the clinical treatment. Methods Between 2002 and 2013, 21 pregnant patients were identified with spine tumors. Clinical data including symptoms, signs, treatment options, and obstetrical and neonatal outcomes were recorded and preserved. Clinical data and treatment efficacy were analyzed via medical record review. Results The median age of the 21 patients was 28.87 years (interquartile range, 6.00 yr). Tumor types in this series were giant cell tumor (5 cases), hemangioma (5 cases), schwannoma (4 cases), eosinophilic granuloma (2 cases), neurofibroma (1 case), multiple myeloma (1 case), and with metastatic tumor (3 cases). Two patients underwent spine surgery during pregnancy and 8 patients accepted tumor resection immediately after delivery. Pregnancy termination occurred in 5 patients, whereas the rest of the patients smoothly gave birth to healthy babies including 3 premature infants. Two patients died and 2 patients experienced local recurrence during follow-up. Conclusion With close observation, it was found that most of pregnant patients with benign spine tumors could postpone surgery after delivery. Surgical treatment should be adopted during pregnancy when patients are with highly malignant tumor or experience a sharp deterioration and the guard of it is safer than radiotherapy and chemotherapy during pregnancy. Level of evidence 4.

Therapeutic strategy and outcome of spine tumors in pregnancy: a report of 21 cases and literature review.

The present essay is aimed at getting the radiologist familiar with the basic histological skin structure, allowing for a better correlation with sonographic findings. A high-frequency (22 MHz) ultrasonography apparatus was utilized in the present study. The histological analysis was performed after the skin specimens fixation with formalin, inclusion in paraffin blocks and subsequent staining with hematoxylin-eosin. The authors present a literature review showing the relationship between sonographic and histological findings in normal cutaneous tissue, and discuss the technique for a better performance of the sonographic scan. High-frequency ultrasonography is an excellent tool for the diagnosis of different skin conditions. However, as this method is operator-dependent, it is crucial to understand the normal skin structure as well as the correlation between histological and sonographic findings.

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Study of the skin anatomy with high-frequency (22 MHz) ultrasonography and histological correlation

Mycoplasma spp. and Bartonella spp. are Gram-negative bacteria transmitted by arthropod vectors that infect red blood cells of several mammal species. This study investigated the occurrence and genetic diversity of hemoplasmas and Bartonella spp. in 68 howler monkeys kept in captivity in Sao Paulo, a southeastern state in Brazil. In addition, possible hematological, biochemical and electrophoretic changes of serum proteins associated with the occurrence of hemoplasmas and Bartonella spp. in captive primates were also investigated. The cPCR results showed that all sampled howler monkeys were negative for Bartonella spp. based on the gltA gene. The cPCR results indicated that 18 (26.47%) non-human primates (NHP) were positive for hemoplasmas based on the 16S rRNA gene. Monocyte and lymphocyte counts were higher in hemoplasma-positive howlers (P

Genetic diversity and hematological and biochemical alterations in Alouatta primates naturally infected with hemoplasmas in Brazil.

this study describes a six-month old female Poodle dog born with a third hind limb and duplication of the descending colon. the extra limb was projected dorsally toward the coccygeal vertebrae and was slightly displaced to the left of the median body axis next to the anus. Although the animal walked without difficulties, it showed signs of discomfort when defecating and sitting. a plain radiograph demonstrated that the extra limb articulated from the left ischium and a contrast radiograph showed that the descending colon was not only duplicated but it adjoined the segments in the rectum, ending with one anal opening. Surgery was performed to amputate the extra limb. the disarticulation of the extra limb from the left ischium was easy to perform and minimally invasive. Intestinal intervention was not performed since it was determined that the animal could live a healthy life with the duplicated colon. Fifteen days after surgery the animal showed no signs of discomfort and was able to sit and defecate normally.

/pdf/polymelia-and-duplication-of-the-descending-colon-in-a-4b5i56blqh.pdf

Polymelia and duplication of the descending colon in a Poodle dog - a case report

OBJETIVO: Comparar as alteracoes anatomicas decorrentes de um quadro de ictericia obstrutiva experimental induzida em suinos nos periodos pre e pos-operatorio por meio de exame ultrassonografico. MATERIAIS E METODOS: Seis suinos da raca Landrace, com 36 dias de idade, foram submetidos a obstrucao biliar completa mediante ligadura do ducto coledoco por cirurgia videolaparoscopica. RESULTADOS: Nao ocorreram dificuldades na execucao dos procedimentos obstrutivos e a recuperacao cirurgica foi eficiente. Decorridos sete dias, os animais apresentaram ictericia, bilirrubinuria e acolia fecal. O exame ultrassonografico comparativo permitiu visualizar hepatomegalia, colecistomegalia e aumento no calibre do ducto coledoco em todos os animais, assim como alteracoes decorrentes da colestase. A avaliacao morfometrica revelou aumento significativo nos diâmetros da vesicula biliar e do lobo hepatico lateral esquerdo. CONCLUSAO: Os suinos representam um modelo experimental adequado de ictericia obstrutiva, e o exame ultrassonografico demonstrou-se sensivel e relevante no diagnostico das alteracoes decorrentes de obstrucao biliar extra-hepatica nesses animais.

https://www.scielo.br/pdf/rb/v46n2/en_12.pdf

Estudo ultrassonográfico morfométrico do fígado e trato biliar de suínos submetidos a obstrução biliar experimental

:• Episodes of dysautonomic crises, characterized by nau-sea, vomiting and symptoms of sympathetic storm (irri-tability, tachycardia, hypertension, facial flushing, bron-chorrhea and diminished oral coordination leading to swallowing and speech dysfunction);• Additional autonomic symptoms include orthostatic hy-potension, excessive salivation, gastrointestinal motility dysfunction, bladder dysfunction, decreased or absent tearing, pupil dilation, hypohidrosis, episodic hyperhidro-sis and blotchy skin;• Glomerulo sclerosis and chronic kidney disease unrelated to autonomic dysfunction;• Neuropathic symptoms: loss of reflexes,hypotonia, de-creased perception of pain and temperature;• Additional clinical features: short stature, kyphoscoliosis, smooth tongue (no fungiform papillae), vomiting, recur-rent aspiration, multiple skin scars, dysarthria, mental de -ficiencies, and emotional lability.Linkage studies map to a candidate region on chromo-some 9q31. Genetic evaluation is considered sensitive and specific for the diagnosis of HSAN3. Furthermore, it’s the only specific diagnostic test currently available.No particular treatment for familial dysautonomia has yet been described. Supportive care and symptomat-ic therapies are the main stay of management. The prog-nosis is poor.

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Subcostal schwannoma in pregnancy.

Conduziu-se um ensaio na regiao de Aramina-SP, no periodo de janeiro a julho de 2006, com o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade do leite ordenhado mecânica e manualmente em duas propriedades da regiao de Aramina-SP. Para isso, foram realizados testes de acidez, densidade e crioscopia. Ao final do experimento pode-se concluir que o leite proveniente de ordenha mecânica apresentou resultados melhores com relacao a ordenha manual, com medias de 16,40°D (Dornic) para acidez, densidade de 1030,02 g/litro e crioscopia de –0,538°C.

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Edmilson Rodrigo Daneze

Papers

Genetic diversity and hematological and biochemical alterations in Alouatta primates naturally infected with hemoplasmas in Brazil.

Polymelia and duplication of the descending colon in a Poodle dog - a case report

Estudo ultrassonográfico morfométrico do fígado e trato biliar de suínos submetidos a obstrução biliar experimental

Subcostal schwannoma in pregnancy.

Qualidade do leite de vacas coletado em ordenha mecânica e manual em propriedades na região de aramina-SP