Camelina uses, genetics, genomics, production, and management

The aim of the study was to examine and compare oxidative stability of refined (peanut, corn, rice bran, grapeseed, and rapeseed) oils. The oils were subject a Schaal Oven Test (temperature 63 ± 1 °C) and a Rancimat test (temperature 120 °C) and their stability was compared at the 1st and 12th month of storage. Changes in the peroxide (PV) and anisidine (AnV) values in the thermostat test were the fastest in rapeseed oil and grapeseed oil. The best quality was preserved by peanut and corn oils both in the first and the twelfth month of storage. The induction times for the rice bran, corn, peanut, and rapeseed oils were similar from 4.77 h to 5.02 h in the first month and from 3.22 h to 3.77 h in the twelfth month. The shortest induction times were determined for grapeseed oil: 2.4 h and 1.6 h, respectively. A decrease of oxidative stability of about 30% was found in all the oils after 12 months of storage. The PV of 10, determined in the thermostat and Rancimat tests, were achieved at the latest in corn oil and the fastest in rice bran oil.

Oxidative stability of selected edible oils

In this study, 29 cold-pressed camelina (Camelina sativa L.) oils, pressed from seeds grown in Poland and purchased directly from local producers, were analyzed. The degree of change in the tested oils’ characteristic hydrolytic and oxidative lipid values was determined. Oxidative stability was determined using the Rancimat and PDSC methods. Fatty acid and phytosterol contents were determined by GC-FID, and tocopherols by HPLC. The analyzed oils were characterized by good, but variable, quality, and met the requirements specified for cold-pressed edible oils. Highly desirable fatty acid composition, low SFA content (about 6%), high α-linolenic acid content (34.7–37.1%), and optimal PUFA n-3 to PUFA n-6 ratio (1.79–2.17) were shown. The high nutritional value of camelina oils was confirmed on the basis of high contents of tocopherols (55.8–76.1 mg/100 g), phytosterols (331–442 mg/100 g), and carotenoids (103–198 mg of β-carotene/kg). The optimal nutritional quality indices were as follows: 0.05–0.07 for the atherogenicity index (AI), and 0.1–0.2 for the thrombogenicity index (TI). The significant impact of primary (PV) and total oxidation (TOTOX) of camelina oil on oxidative stability was evaluated using Rancimat and PDSC methods. Both methods were also confirmed to be appropriate for the assessment of the oxidative stability of camelina oils.

Bioactive compounds, nutritional quality and oxidative stability of cold-pressed camelina (Camelina sativa L.) oils

The aim of the study was to determine quality and oxidative stability of selected cold pressed flaxseed oils, fresh (after producing, the beginning of shelf life) and stored at refrigerator temperature (after three months, the end of declared shelf life). The fresh oils were characterized by organoleptic assessment, fatty acids composition and bioactive compounds content (sterols, tocols, squalene, carotenoids, and phenols). For the fresh and stored oils oxidative stability in the Rancimat test, and the hydrolytic and oxidation degrees using standard methods were determined. It was found that fresh flaxseed oils were differentiated in fatty acid composition and content of bioactive compounds. Shares of saturated fatty acids, and content of squalene and phenolic compounds were most variable in the oils. At the end of shelf life flaxseed oils were characterized by 9-26% shorter induction time in compare to the initial state, and increased content of hydrolysis (acid value by 18-40%) and oxidation products (peroxide value by 16-37%, anisidine value by 13-41%, diene content by 10-21%, triene content by 23-42%) was detected.

Commercial Cold Pressed Flaxseed Oils Quality and Oxidative Stability at the Beginning and the End of Their Shelf Life

The purpose of this research was to investigate the chemical profile, nutritional quality, antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects of Mexican chia seed oil (CSO) in vitro. Chemical characterization of CSO indicated the content of α-linolenic acid (63.64% of total fatty acids) to be the highest, followed by linoleic acid (19.84%), and saturated fatty acid (less than 11%). Trilinolenin content (53.44% of total triacylglycerols (TAGs)) was found to be the highest among seven TAGs in CSO. The antioxidant capacity of CSO, evaluated with ABTS•+ and DPPH• methods, showed mild antioxidant capacity when compared with Tocopherol and Catechin. In addition, CSO was found to lower triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels by 25.8% and 72.9%respectively in a HepG2 lipid accumulation model. As CSO exhibits these chemical and biological characteristics, it is a potential resource of essential fatty acids for human use.

Phytochemical and Biological Characteristics of Mexican Chia Seed Oil.

Cold-pressed linseed and camelina oils have been available on the global market for many years. They are known for their high contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), mainly α-linolenic (ALA). This study aimed to evaluate the quality and oxidative stability of linseed and camelina cold-pressed oils purchased in retail outlets in Poland. The fatty acid composition, peroxide value, acid value, anisidine value, chlorophyll pigments, carotenoid pigments, and oxidative stability of these oils were analyzed. It was found that all analyzed oils meet the standards of requirements of the Codex Alimentarius (2009) for cold-pressed oils. The content of chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments of linseed and camelina oils was significantly different. The percentage composition of PUFAs was high in both types of oils, but it was significantly higher in linseed than in camelina oils. The results of Rancimat and PDSC tests show low oxidative stability of all tested oils, although camelina oils were more stable than linseed oils.



1 Practical applications

Based on the study, it can be concluded that linseed and camelina oils should be included in the human diet to provide an optimal ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids. The differences between tested oils of the same seed species were significant. This study shows that quick methods of testing an oils oxidative stability (Rancimat and PDSC) may be successfully applied in oil studies.







The study evaluates the quality of cold-pressed linseed and camelina oils purchased in retail outlets in Poland. The research shows a correlation (r = −0.673) between content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and oxidative stability of tested oils. Oxidative stability was determined by Rancimat test and fatty acid composition by GC-FID.

Physicochemical quality and oxidative stability of linseed (Linum usitatissimum) and camelina (Camelina sativa) cold-pressed oils from retail outlets.

The camelina oil, registered in EU as Traditional Speciality Guaranteed, is an excellent edible oil rich in ω3 fatty acids, as well as a great raw material for biodiesel production. However, both variable seed quality and technological difficulties (cold pressing, no chemical refining procedure) exert an unfavorable impact on a final oil quality and its oxidative stability. Therefore, oxidative stability parameter seems to be a significant distinguishing feature of camelina oil. The aim of this work was to compare the oxidative stability of selected camelina oils and assessment of kinetic parameters of their oxidation determined by PDSC and the Rancimat methods. Cold-pressed camelina oils were initially characterized by basic quality parameters: fatty acids composition, free fatty acids, peroxide value and anisidine value. The isothermal PDSC and Rancimat procedures were conducted within the temperature range of 90–130 and 80–120 °C, respectively. From the obtained results, the times to reach the oxidation peak maximum (τ
 max) obtained from PDSC analysis were compared with induction times (τ
 on) determined by Rancimat test. Based on the Arrhenius equation and transition state theory, activation energies (E
 a), pre-exponential factors (Z) and specific rate constants (k) of oils oxidation at selected temperatures were calculated. Strong correlation between PDSC and Rancimat methods (R
 2 > 0.98) using a polynomial equation was obtained; thus, PDSC method can be preliminary recommended as an appropriate objective method for assessing the oxidative stability of camelina oils. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the possible use of PDSC technique to analyze the kinetics of oxidation of camelina oil.

/pdf/oxidative-stability-of-camelina-camelina-sativa-l-oil-using-1yd06qh8j1.pdf

Oxidative stability of camelina ( Camelina sativa L.) oil using pressure differential scanning calorimetry and Rancimat method

Linen is known in the world since the beginning of civilization. In Poland, it has been cultivated for decades, and recently there has been increased interest in linseed oil. Because of the valuable properties of linseed oil and the ability to use it as a raw material for production of biofuels, it could be expected that the importance of linseed will increase. The article describes linseed and linseed oil. It presents their market in the world and in Poland. The major producers of linseed and their percentage share in global cultivation are identified. The paper defines world leaders in export and import of linseed and linseed oil. It also illustrates changes in linseed cultivation, as well as the production of linseed oil in Poland. In addition, data on imports and exports were collected and interpreted. / Synopsis. Len znany jest na świecie juz od początkow cywilizacji. W Polsce uprawiany jest od kilkudziesieciu lat, a w ostatnim czasie nastąpil wzrost zainteresowanie olejem lnianym uzyskiwanym z formy oleistej tej rośliny. Z uwagi na cenne wlaściwości wplywające korzystnie na organizm czlowieka oleju lnianego oraz mozliwości wykorzystanie lnu jako surowca do produkcji biopaliw mozna spodziewac sie, ze znaczenie lnu oleistego wzrośnie. W artykule scharakteryzowano siemie lniane oraz olej lniany. Przedstawiono ich rynek na świecie i w Polsce. Wskazano glownych producentow i ich udzial procentowy w światowej areale uprawy i, produkcji lnu. Określono światowych liderow w eksporcie oraz imporcie siemienia lnianego i oleju lnianego. Zobrazowano zmiany w powierzchni uprawy lnu, a takze w produkcji oleju lnianego w Polsce. Ponadto zebrano i zinterpretowano dane dotyczące handlu zagranicznego tymi produktami.

/pdf/swiatowa-oraz-polska-produkcja-lnu-oleistego-i-oleju-2ndxs424at.pdf

Światowa oraz polska produkcja lnu oleistego i oleju lnianego

/pdf/ocena-jakosci-wybranych-olejow-rzepakowych-rafinowanych-i-5g6bpqno8f.pdf

Ocena jakości wybranych olejów rzepakowych rafinowanych i tłoczonych na zimno dostępnych na polskim rynku

The aim of the study was to characterize the poultry meat market, its production and consumption in the world and in Poland. Global production of meat is still growing. The world's largest meat production of this type occurs in the United States, China and Brazil. Meanwhile, the largest poultry meat consumption in 2012 was recorded in the United States and amounted to 43,2 kg/person/year. Poland was ranked 4th among the largest producers of this type of meat in the European Union. Consumption of poultry meat in the country was gradually growing year by year and 2014 was estimated to 26,9 kg/person/year compared to 14,7 kg/person/year in 2000. The world's large surplus supply of poultry meat takes place in the United States (3,2 million tonnes), Brazil (3,1 million tonnes) and to a lesser extent, the European Union (0,5 million tonnes). In contrast, the largest importer of poultry meat is Russia, which also has the largest supply deficit. / Synopsis. Celem pracy byla charakterystyka rynku miesa drobiowego, jego produkcji i spozycia w na świecie i w Polsce. Światowa produkcja miesa wykazuje wciąz tendencje rosnącą. Najwieksza na świecie produkcja tego rodzaju miesa wystepuje w Stanach Zjednoczonych, Chinach oraz Brazylii. Natomiast najwiekszą konsumpcje miesa drobiowego w 2012 roku odnotowano w Stanach Zjednoczonych i wynosila ona 43,2 kg/osobe/rok. Polska znalazla sie na 4 miejscu wśrod najwiekszych producentow tego rodzaju miesa w Unii Europejskiej. Konsumpcja miesa drobiowego w kraju z roku na rok sukcesywnie rośnie i w 2014 roku wynosila 26,9 kg/osobe w porownaniu z 14,7 kg/osobe w 2000 roku. Na świecie duzymi nadwyzkami podazy miesa drobiowego dysponują Stany Zjednoczone (3,2 mln ton), Brazylia (3,1 mln ton) oraz w mniejszym stopniu Unia Europejska (0,5 mln ton). Natomiast najwiekszym importerem miesa drobiowego jest Rosja, ktora wykazuje rowniez najwiekszy deficyt podazy.

/pdf/produkcja-i-spozycie-miesa-drobiowego-na-swiecie-i-w-polsce-36vahlm9vy.pdf

Edyta Popis

Papers

Physicochemical quality and oxidative stability of linseed (Linum usitatissimum) and camelina (Camelina sativa) cold-pressed oils from retail outlets.

Oxidative stability of camelina ( Camelina sativa L.) oil using pressure differential scanning calorimetry and Rancimat method

Światowa oraz polska produkcja lnu oleistego i oleju lnianego

Ocena jakości wybranych olejów rzepakowych rafinowanych i tłoczonych na zimno dostępnych na polskim rynku

Produkcja i spożycie mięsa drobiowego na świecie i w Polsce w latach 2000-2014