Continuing the papers on alloys of Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn and Fe we review in the present paper, on the basis of the model developed by Miedema and co-workers, experimental and predicted enthalpies of formation of ordered binary intermetallic compounds of Co with arbitrary metal partners. The enthalpy effects are also reviewed for liquid Co alloys. The predicted values agree quite satisfactorily with the available experimental data for binary systems of Co with a transition metal. In the binary systems where Co is alloyed with a non-transition metal larger differences are sometimes observed. Since Co with other transition metals may often form solid solutions the enthalpy of forming solid solutions is dealt with in a concise way distinguishing between magnetic and non-magnetic matrix metals.

Enthalpies of formation of liquid and solid binary alloys based on 3d metals: IV. Alloys of cobalt

The Fe−Ti (Iron-Titanium) system

A simple electron band theory model of the enthalpy of formation ΔH of transition metal alloys is used to predict ΔH for 210 transition metal alloys as a function of composition. Some of the input parameters of the model namely bandwidths, atomic energy levels are allowed to vary within certain constraints to closely approximate any known value of ΔH. For this purpose experimental values of the enthalpy of formation are listed for binary transition metals alloys. The resulting predictions of the model are compared with the experimental data as well as with the calculated values from various models.

Trends in cohesive energy of transition metal alloys

Model predictions are presented for heats of formation of binary intermetallic compounds of Sc, Ti or V with arbitrary metal partners, and for heats of mixing and solution of the corresponding liquid alloy systems. Predicted values are compared with the existing experimental data as well as with qualitative information derived from phase diagram information. A complete set of binary phase diagrams based on Sc, Ti or V is presented in schematic form. Differences between experimental and calculated enthalpy values are discussed.

Enthalpies of formation of liquid and solid binary alloys based on 3d metals: I. Alloys of scandium, titanium and vanadium

The equilibrium relation of Ti and O dissolved in liquid iron saturated with solid titanium oxides was measured in the temperature range of 1 823 to 1 923 K. Pure Ti2O3 (s) phase was identified as the equilibrium deoxidation product for iron melts containing 0.25-4.75 mass% Ti. Using Wagner's formalism, the present results were thermodynamically analyzed to determine the equilibrium constant of Ti deoxidation reaction for the formation of pure Ti2O3 (s) and the first- and second-order interaction parameters between Ti and O given as follows in the temperature range of 1 823 to 1 923 K.2Ti+3O=Ti2O3 (s) (0.25<mass% Ti<4.75)log KTi2O3=44238/T−13.0eOTi=−1642/T+0.3358, eTiO=−4 915/T+1.005rOTi=0.0385, rTiO=−0.355The equilibrium titanium oxide phase was identified as Ti3O5 (s) for iron melts containing 0.0012-0.25 mass% Ti at 1 873 K. The equilibrium constant of Ti deoxidation reaction for the formation of pure Ti3O5 (s) were estimated as follows.3Ti+5O=Ti3O5 (s) (0.0012<mass% Ti<0.25)log KTi3O5=72813/T−21.32The activity coefficient of Ti in liquid iron at infinite dilution, γ°Ti(s) was assessed as 0.011, 0.014 and 0.018 at 1 823 K, 1 873 K and 1 923 K, respectively.

Thermodynamics of Titanium and Oxygen Dissolved in Liquid Iron Equilibrated with Titanium Oxides

Mass Spectrometric Determination of Activities of Phosphorus in Liquid Fe-P-Si, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Nb, and Mo Alloys

Tiは 製鋼過程において脱酸を始め と して種 々の 目的 で添加 され,ま た高炉操業2お いては含Ti鉱 石 の使用 され ることがあ り,溶 鋼溶銑中のTiの 挙動を知ること は重要な問題で ある.ま た合金鉄では20~70wt%Tiの フェロチタンの製造が行なわれ てお り,溶 融Fe-Ti合 金 のTiの 高濃度 におけ る熱 力学的性質 を知 ることも重要 で ある.し か しこれ まで溶融Fe-Ti合 金 についての熱力 学的研究はTiの 低濃度 におけ るものが多 く,報 告され ている値に もかな りの相違がみ られ,ま た最近に至 るま で この溶融合 金の全組成範囲にわたる活量の測定は行な われていなかつた.こ の ような系の全組成範囲にわたる 測定 に対 しては クヌー ドセンセルー質量分析法の 適用が 考 えられるが,Tiの 蒸気圧が低 い とい う問題に加えて, Tiが きわめて 酸 化 しやすい こと2起 因する 種 々の実験

Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid Fe-Ti Alloys by Mass-Spectrometry

The vapor pressures of phosphorus gases, P and P2, above Fe-P alloys have been determined by a newly developed experimental method. In this experimental method, phosphorus in the deposit film obtained by the Knudsen effusion method with collection technique was determined by a secondary ion mass spectrometer. The vapor pressures of P and P2 have been obtained from these determined values and the ratio of the ion currents of P+ to those of P+2 which had been obtained by the ordinary Knudsen cell-mass spectrometer combination. The standard free energy changes of the reactions for liquid Fe-P alloy system were calculated from these vapor pressures, and the following values have been obtained.P(g)=P(wt%)ΔG°=-95.3+1.55×10-2T(±2.2)(kcal/mol)1/2P2(g)=P(wt%)ΔG°=-37.7+0.13×10-2T(±1.1)(kcal/mol)P(g)=1/2P2(g)ΔG°=-57.6+1.42×10-2T(±1.1)(kcal/mol)(1-3wt% P, 1590-1650°C)

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tetsutohagane1955/66/14/66_14_2032/_pdf

Eiichi Kato

Papers

Mass Spectrometric Determination of Activities of Phosphorus in Liquid Fe-P-Si, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Nb, and Mo Alloys

Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid Fe-Ti Alloys by Mass-Spectrometry

The Standard Free Energies of Dissolution of Phosphorus Gases in Liquid Iron

Thermodynamic Properties of the Fe-V, Fe-V-Cr Alloys at 1600°C by Mass-Spectrometry

Mass Spectrometric Study of the Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid Fe-Sn, Fe-Sn-Cu Alloys