Showing papers by "Elaine M. Sadler published in 1988"
TL;DR: In this article, it is shown that for radio waves of a particular frequency reflected totally from the ionosphere, the effect of refraction as well as reflection can be simulated by an effective reflecting surface.
12 citations
01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that cooling flows operate in individual elliptical galaxies other than those at the centres of clusters, and they appear to do so without observable effects at optical wavelengths.
Abstract: Small amounts of ionized gas are common in nearby E and SO galaxies, but the origin of this gas, and its relationship to the X-ray coronae, remain unclear. Both the presence of dust within the emission region, and the commonly-observed kinematical decoupling of gas and stars appear to argue against a cooling-flow origin for the gas. Thus if cooling flows operate in individual elliptical galaxies other than those at the centres of clusters, they appear to do so without observable effects at optical wavelengths.
1 citations