http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/5610941/5624686/05624745.pdf

Power electronics

The ever increasing progress of high-voltage high-power fully controlled semiconductor technology continues to have a significant impact on the development of advanced power electronic apparatus used to support optimized operations and efficient management of electrical grids, which, in many cases, are fully or partially deregulated networks. Developments advance both the HVDC power transmission and the flexible ac transmission system technologies. In this paper, an overview of the recent advances in the area of voltage-source converter (VSC) HVdc technology is provided. Selected key multilevel converter topologies are presented. Control and modeling methods are discussed. A list of VSC-based HVdc installations worldwide is included. It is confirmed that the continuous development of power electronics presents cost-effective opportunities for the utilities to exploit, and HVdc remains a key technology. In particular, VSC-HVdc can address not only conventional network issues such as bulk power transmission, asynchronous network interconnections, back-to-back ac system linking, and voltage/stability support to mention a few, but also niche markets such as the integration of large-scale renewable energy sources with the grid and most recently large onshore/offshore wind farms.

VSC-Based HVDC Power Transmission Systems: An Overview

This chapter gives a description and overview of power electronic technologies including a description of the fundamental systems that are the building blocks of power electronic systems. Technologies that are described include: power semiconductor switching devices, converter circuits that process energy from one DC level to another DC level, converters that produce variable frequency from DC sources, principles of rectifying AC input voltage in uncontrolled DC output voltage and their extension to controlled rectifiers, converters that convert to AC from DC (inverters) or from AC with fixed or variable output frequency (AC controllers, DC–DC–AC converters, matrix converters, or cycloconverters). The chapter also covers control of power converters with focus on pulse width modulation (PWM) control techniques.

https://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9781447151036-c2.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1404710-p175009438

Fundamentals of Power Electronics

(1990). ENERGY FUNCTION ANALYSIS FOR POWER SYSTEM STABILITY. Electric Machines & Power Systems: Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 209-210.

Energy function analysis for power system stability

In this paper, the principle of modularity is used to derive the different multilevel voltage and current source converter topologies. The paper is primarily focused on high-power applications and specifically on high-voltage dc systems. The derived converter cells are treated as building blocks and are contributing to the modularity of the system. By combining the different building blocks, i.e., the converter cells, a variety of voltage and current source modular multilevel converter topologies are derived and thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, by applying the modularity principle at the system level, various types of high-power converters are introduced. The modularity of the multilevel converters is studied in depth, and the challenges as well as the opportunities for high-power applications are illustrated.

Modular Multilevel Converters for HVDC Applications: Review on Converter Cells and Functionalities

Preface. Introduction. Modelling of FACTS Controllers. Modelling of Conventional Power Plant. Conventional Power Flow. Power Flow including FACTS Controllers. Three--phase Power Flow. Optimal Power Flow. Power Flow Tracing. Appendix A: Jacobian Elements for FACTS Controllers in Positive Sequence Power Flow. Appendix B: Gradient and Hessian Elements for Optimal Power Flow Newtona s Method. Appendix C: Matlab(R) Computer Program for Optimal Power Flow Solutions using Newtona s Method. Index.

FACTS: Modelling and Simulation in Power Networks

This paper addresses the timely issue of modeling and analysis of custom power controllers, a new generation of power electronics-based equipment aimed at enhancing the reliability and quality of power flows in low-voltage, distribution networks [2],[3] The modeling approach adopted in this article is graphical in nature, as opposed to mathematical models embedded in code using a high-level computer language The well-developed graphic facilities available in an industry standard power system package, namely, PSCAD/EMTDC, are used to conduct all aspects of model implementation and to carry out extensive simulation studies Graphics-based models suitable for electromagnetic transient studies are presented for the following three custom power controllers: the distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM), the dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), and the solid-state transfer switch (SSTS) Comprehensive results are presented to assess the performance of each device as a potential custom power solution The paper is written in a tutorial style and aimed at the large PSCAD/EMTDC user base

https://ecourses.dbnet.ntua.gr/fsr/14715/Modeling_and_Analysis_of_Custom_Power_Systems_by_PSCAD-EMTDC.pdf

Modeling and Analysis of Custom Power Systems by PSCAD/EMTDC

Preface Electrical power systems - an overview Power systems engineering - fundamental concepts Transmission system compensation Power flows in compensation and control studies Power semiconductor devices and converter hardware issues Power electronic equipment Harmonic studies of power compensating plant Transient studies of FACTS and Custom Power equipment Examples, problems and exercises Appendix Bibliography Index

Power Electronic Control in Electrical Systems

Advanced load flow models for the static VAr compensator (SVC) are presented in this paper. The models are incorporated into existing load flow (LF) and optimal power flow (OPF) Newton algorithms. Unlike SVC models available in open literature the new models depart from the generator representation of the SVC and are based instead on the variable shunt susceptance concept. In particular, a SVC model which uses the firing angle as the state variable provides key information for cases when the load flow solution is used to initialize other power system applications, e.g., harmonic analysis. The SVC state variables are combined with the nodal voltage magnitudes and angles of the network in a single frame-of-reference for a unified, iterative solution through Newton methods. Both algorithms, the LF and the OPF exhibit very strong convergence characteristics, regardless of network size and the number of controllable devices. Results are presented which demonstrate the prowess of the new SVC models.

Advanced SVC models for Newton-Raphson load flow and Newton optimal power flow studies

A new and comprehensive load flow model for the unified power flow controller (UPFC) is presented. The UPFC model is incorporated into an existing FACTS Newton-Raphson load flow algorithm. Critical comparisons are made against existing UPFC models, which show the newly developed model to be far more flexible and efficient. It can be set to control active and reactive powers and voltage magnitude simultaneously. Unlike existing UPFC models, it can be set to control one or more of these parameters in any combination or to control none of them. Limits checking and an effective control coordination between controlling devices are incorporated in the enhanced load flow program. The algorithm exhibits quadratic or near-quadratic convergence characteristics, regardless of the size of the network and the number of FACTS devices.

Enrique Acha

Papers

FACTS: Modelling and Simulation in Power Networks

Modeling and Analysis of Custom Power Systems by PSCAD/EMTDC

Power Electronic Control in Electrical Systems

Advanced SVC models for Newton-Raphson load flow and Newton optimal power flow studies

Unified power flow controller: a critical comparison of Newton-Raphson UPFC algorithms in power flow studies