Active filtering of electric power has now become a mature technology for harmonic and reactive power compensation in two-wire (single phase), three-wire (three phase without neutral), and four-wire (three phase with neutral) AC power networks with nonlinear loads. This paper presents a comprehensive review of active filter (AF) configurations, control strategies, selection of components, other related economic and technical considerations, and their selection for specific applications. It is aimed at providing a broad perspective on the status of AF technology to researchers and application engineers dealing with power quality issues. A list of more than 200 research publications on the subject is also appended for a quick reference.

A review of active filters for power quality improvement

The ever increasing progress of high-voltage high-power fully controlled semiconductor technology continues to have a significant impact on the development of advanced power electronic apparatus used to support optimized operations and efficient management of electrical grids, which, in many cases, are fully or partially deregulated networks. Developments advance both the HVDC power transmission and the flexible ac transmission system technologies. In this paper, an overview of the recent advances in the area of voltage-source converter (VSC) HVdc technology is provided. Selected key multilevel converter topologies are presented. Control and modeling methods are discussed. A list of VSC-based HVdc installations worldwide is included. It is confirmed that the continuous development of power electronics presents cost-effective opportunities for the utilities to exploit, and HVdc remains a key technology. In particular, VSC-HVdc can address not only conventional network issues such as bulk power transmission, asynchronous network interconnections, back-to-back ac system linking, and voltage/stability support to mention a few, but also niche markets such as the integration of large-scale renewable energy sources with the grid and most recently large onshore/offshore wind farms.

VSC-Based HVDC Power Transmission Systems: An Overview

This chapter gives a description and overview of power electronic technologies including a description of the fundamental systems that are the building blocks of power electronic systems. Technologies that are described include: power semiconductor switching devices, converter circuits that process energy from one DC level to another DC level, converters that produce variable frequency from DC sources, principles of rectifying AC input voltage in uncontrolled DC output voltage and their extension to controlled rectifiers, converters that convert to AC from DC (inverters) or from AC with fixed or variable output frequency (AC controllers, DC–DC–AC converters, matrix converters, or cycloconverters). The chapter also covers control of power converters with focus on pulse width modulation (PWM) control techniques.

https://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9781447151036-c2.pdf?SGWID=0-0-45-1404710-p175009438

Fundamentals of Power Electronics

This paper reviews the relative merits of induction, switched reluctance, and permanent-magnet (PM) brushless machines and drives for application in electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles, with particular emphasis on PM brushless machines. The basic operational characteristics and design requirements, viz. a high torque/power density, high efficiency over a wide operating range, and a high maximum speed capability, as well as the latest developments, are described. Permanent-magnet brushless dc and ac machines and drives are compared in terms of their constant torque and constant power capabilities, and various PM machine topologies and their performance are reviewed. Finally, methods for enhancing the PM excitation torque and reluctance torque components and, thereby, improving the torque and power capability, are described

Electrical Machines and Drives for Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles

This paper reviews the relative merits of induction, switched reluctance, and permanent-magnet (PM) brushless machines and drives for application in electric, hybrid, and fuel cellvehicles,withparticularemphasisonPMbrushlessmachines. The basic operational characteristics and design requirements, viz. a high torque/power density, high efficiency over a wide operatingrange,andahighmaximumspeedcapability,aswell as the latest developments, are described. Permanent-magnet brushless dc and ac machines and drives are compared in terms of their constant torque and constant power capabilities, and various PM machine topologies and their performance are reviewed. Finally, methods for enhancing the PM excitation torque and reluctance torque components and, thereby, improv- ing the torque and power capability, are described.

Electrical Machines and Drives for Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles Induction and switched-reluctance machines can provide the needed characteristics, but permanent magnet brushless machines offer a higher efficiency and torque density.

Introduction 1. Energy conversion principles 2. Motor design 3. Dynamic operation 4. Computer-aided design 5. The power-electronic controller 6. Control strategies 7. Losses and cooling 8. Applications 9. Example design 10. Tests and measurements References Index

Switched Reluctance Motors and Their Control

Preface 1. General introduction 2. Motor and controller types 3. Basic design choices 4. Magnetic design 5. Electrical design 6. Sinewave motors 7. kt and ke 8. The back-EMF waveform 9. Core losses 10. Electronic commutation of squarewave motors 11. Performance evaluation by test 12. Computer aided design 13. Example designs 14. Control systems performance 15. Cooling 16. Magnetic materials 17. Field weakening of brushless DC motors 18. Design of axially laminated IPM motor Appendices of data

Design of Brushless Permanent-Magnet Motors

Introduction: motion control systems why adjustable speed? structure of drive systems new technology which motor? - the d.c. and PM d.c. commutator motors, the induction motor drive, the brushless d.c. PM and PM a.c. synchronous motors. Part 1 Principles of sizing, gearing and torque production: sizing an electric motor choice of gear ratio in geared drives basic principles of torque production. Part 2 Permanent-magnet materials and circuits: B-H loop and demagnetization characteristics temperature effects - reversible and irreversible losses mechanical properties, handling and magnetization application of permanent magnets in motors. Part 3 Squarewave permanent-magnet brushless motor drives: why brushless d.c.? magnetic circuit analysis on open-circuit squarewave brushless motor - torque and e.m.f. equations torque/speed characteristic - performance and efficiency alternative formulations for torque and e.m.f. motors with 120 degrees and 180 degrees magnet arcs - commutation squarewave motor - winding inductances and armature reaction controllers computer simulation. Part 4 Sinewave permanent-magnet brushless motor drives: ideal sinewave motor - torque, e.m.f. and reactance sinewave motor with practical windings phasor diagram sinewave motor - circle diagram and torque/speed characteristic torque per ampere and kVa/kW of squarewave and sinewave motors permanent magnet versus electromagnetic excitation slotless motors ripple torque in sinewave motors. Part 5 Alternating-current drives with PM and synchronous-reluctance hybrid motors: rotors A.c. windings and inductances steady-state phasor diagram circle diagram and torque-speed characteristic cage-type motors. Part 6 Switched reluctance drives: the switched reluctance motor poles, phases and windings static torque production partition of energy and the effects of saturation dynamic torque production converter circuits control, current regulation, commutation solid rotors.

Brushless Permanent-Magnet and Reluctance Motor Drives

Theory of Load Compensation. Theory of Steady--State Reactive Power Control in Electric Transmission Systems. Reactive Power Compensation and the Dynamic Performance of Transmission Systems. Principles of Static Compensators. Design of Thyristor Controllers. An Example of a Modern Static Compensator. Series Capacitors. Synchronous Condensers. Reactive Compensation and the Electric Arc Furnace. Harmonics. Reactive Power Coordination. Selected Bibliography. Index.

Reactive Power Control In Electric Systems

Introduction * Development history * Electromagnetic energy conversion * Designing for low noise * Average torque control * Instantaneous torque control * Sensorless control * Torque ripple control in a practical application * Drive development and test * The switched reluctance generator * Bibliography.

Timothy J. E. Miller

Papers

Switched Reluctance Motors and Their Control

Design of Brushless Permanent-Magnet Motors

Brushless Permanent-Magnet and Reluctance Motor Drives

Reactive Power Control In Electric Systems

Electronic control of switched reluctance machines