Eui-Cheol Nam

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to determine the most effective location for tVNS, and they found that stimulation at the ear canal resulted in the weakest activation of the solitary tract (NTS), the recipient of most afferent vagal projections, and a brainstem nucleus that receives direct input from the NTS.

TL;DR: Although the automated methods could detect hippocampal atrophy in the patients with MDD, the results indicate that manual hippocampal volumetry is still the gold standard, while the automated volumetric methods need to be improved.

TL;DR: Comparing before and after each drug, clonazepam significantly improved tinnitus loudness, duration, annoyance, and tinnitis handicap inventory score, whereas the G biloba showed no significant differences on any of these measures.

TL;DR: TVNS via the inner tragus or cymba conchae suppressed neural activity in the auditory, limbic, and other tinnitus-related non-auditory areas through auditory and vagal ascending pathways in tinn Titus patients, indicating that the mechanism of action of tVNS might be involved in multiple brain areas responsible for the generation of tinnitis, tinnites-related emotional annoyance, and their mutual reinforcement.

TL;DR: An international consensus on diagnostic criteria for ST among experts, scientists and clinicians using a Delphi survey and face-to-face consensus meeting strategy is reached and are expected to gain wide acceptance in the research field and to serve as a guideline for clinicians across all disciplines.