Whose Reality Counts?: Putting the first last

/pdf/the-use-and-exchange-of-microbial-genetic-resources-for-food-2o7bbe9gw3.pdf

THE USE AND EXCHANGE OF MICROBIAL GENETIC RESOURCES FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE Submission by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)

Enteric septicemia of catfish (ESC) and columnaris are the most economically important bacterial diseases affecting the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus industry in the United States. Although these two diseases have been extensively researched, little is known about their prevalence and epidemiology in production systems. In 1997, a two-part survey of catfish producers in Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi was conducted to estimate the proportion of ponds and catfish operations that have these diseases and to develop information on the risk factors associated with reporting an occurrence. The response rates to the two phases of the survey were 65.6% and 75.3%, respectively. Overall, 78.1% of all operations and 42.1% of all ponds experienced problems with ESC/columnaris. Higher percentages of large operations and ponds on large operations experienced these problems. The most frequently reported average loss per outbreak of the two diseases was 200–2,000 lb (1 lb = 0.454 kg) per outb...

The Epidemiology of Bacterial Diseases in Food-Size Channel Catfish

Introduction Since the science of toxicology began thousands of years ago, behavioral endpoints have been used to study the effects of chemicals and drugs on humans and other mammals. In aquatic toxicology however, the nexus of behavioral sciences with the study of toxicants has only become prominent within the last 5 decades. Behavioral endpoints have been slow to be integrated in aquatic toxicology because, until recently, there was a poor understanding of how alterations in behavior may be related to ecologically-relevant issues such as predation avoidance, prey capture, growth, stress resistance, reproduction and longevity. Further, the ability to achieve repeatable, quantifiable data from a large number of animals or exposures has been challenging. Recent improvements in computer and video automation have made possible significant progress in the ease, utility, and affordability of obtaining, interpreting, and applying behavioral endpoints in a variety of applications from water quality monitoring to use in toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) (Gruber et al. 1994; Balk et al. 1996; Baldwin et al. 1994a,b; Diamond et at. 1990; ATSM, 1995; Drummond et al. 1986, 1990; Rice et al. 1997). Consequently, behavioral endpoints in aquatic toxicology are shifting from being met with skepticism by investigators to being received with greater enthusiasm. One of the first comprehensive reviews on aquatic behavioral toxicology was published by Rand (1985). Over the past 20 years, the field of behavioral toxicology has grown, in part, because of increased interest in the number of species used, endpoints measured, and methods to collect and interpret data. Numerous reviews have traced these advancements in the field of Behavioral Toxicology (Doving, 1991; Weber and Spieler, 1994; Gray, 1990; Little and Finger, 1990; Little and Brewer 2001). However, the recognition of behavioral toxicology as an important tool in aquatic toxicology is most clearly seen in the acceptance of behavioral endpoints in federal regulations. In 1986, the U.S. government accepted avoidance behavior as

https://aquaticpath.phhp.ufl.edu/pubs/images/AqToxMethods-Ch32.pdf

Fish models in behavioral toxicology: Automated techniques, updates and perspectives

Many research findings proved that camel milk is closer to human milk than any other milk. Camel milk is different from other ruminant milk, having low cholesterol, low sugar, high minerals (sodium, potassium, iron, copper, zinc and magnesium), high vitamin C. Camel milk is unique from other ruminant's milk in terms of composition as well as claimed health effects. Camel milk has potential therapeutic characteristics, such as anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic and anti-carcinogenic. It is often easily digested by lactose-intolerant individuals. On the other hand, camel milk also has ability to reduce the elevated level of bilirubin, globulin and granulocytes. Camel milk failed to show any effect towards improving the level of hemoglobin and leukocytes, and decreasing the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Camel milk proteins contained satisfactory balance of essential amino acids. It contains disease-fighting immunoglobulin's which are small in size, allowing penetration of antigens and boosting the effectiveness of the immune system. This review focused on the medicinal properties of camel milk which will be more useful to generate value added product.

Composition and medicinal properties of camel milk: A Review

A FIELD MANUAL OF CAMEL DISEASES TRADITIONAL AND MODERN HEALTHCARE FOR THE DROMEDARY PDF Are you looking for Ebook a field manual of camel diseases traditional and modern healthcare for the dromedary PDF ? You will be glad to know that right now a field manual of camel diseases traditional and modern healthcare for the dromedary PDF is available on our online library. With our online resources, you can find a field manual of camel diseases traditional and modern healthcare for the dromedary or just about any type of ebooks, for any type of product.

A field manual of camel diseases : traditional and modern health care for the dromedary

In South Asia, and throughout the developing world, the predominant official approach to livestock development has been improvement of production by means of upgrading local breeds via cross-breeding with exotic animals. This strategy has led to the replacement and dilution of locally adapted breeds with non-native ones. This has resulted in an alarming loss that has been estimated by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations to amount to one breed every two weeks. Based on selected case studies this paper argues that development strategies using locally adapted breeds and species are much more likely to benefit livestock keepers whilst also maintaining domestic animal diversity and bearing a smaller ecological footprint. It also analyses the rationale for “Livestock Keepers’ Rights”, a principle that grew out of the struggle of traditional livestock keepers to retain control over their production resources, such as grazing areas and breeding stock, in the face of unfavourable policy environments.

/pdf/local-breeds-livelihoods-and-livestock-keepers-rights-in-2ptxtlj8hz.pdf

Evelyn Mathias

Papers

A field manual of camel diseases : traditional and modern health care for the dromedary

Local breeds, livelihoods and livestock keepers' rights in South Asia.

Non-infectious diseases

Herd movements: The exchange of livestock breeds and genes between North and South

Managing and treating camels