After the discovery of insulin, nutrition has become central in the management of diabetes in order to limit glycemic rise after meals, optimize metabolic control, and prevent complications. Over the past one hundred years, international scientific societies have consecutively refined nutritional needs and optimized food intake for the treatment of diabetes. In particular, over the past century, nutrition applied with pumps for the administration of insulin and continuous glucose monitoring have allowed substantial advancement in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The role of some substances, such as vitamin D and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, have been proposed without univocal conclusions, individually or in combination, or in the diet, to improve the nutrition of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This second condition, which is highly associated with overweight, should be prevented from childhood onwards. Personalized nutrition could bypass the problem, reaching a scientific conclusion on the individual subject. This article focuses on childhood and adolescent diabetes, aims to provide a narrative summary of nutrition over the past century, and promotes the concept of personalized nutrition to pediatricians and pediatric diabetologists as a possible tool for the treatment of type 1 diabetes and the prevention of type 2 diabetes.

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Vitamin D and ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids towards a Personalized Nutrition of Youth Diabetes: A Narrative Lecture

il Diabete • vol. 20 • n. 4 • Dicembre 2008 La terapia farmacologica del diabete tipo 2 (DMT2), oltre a rappresentare per molti di noi un interesse scientifico prioritario, è uno degli strumenti fondamentali per ridurre l’impatto individuale e sociale di una malattia a diffusione crescente. D’altro canto, le importanti innovazioni terapeutiche nel settore diabetologico registrate negli ultimi anni, se hanno offerto la possibilità di disporre di opzioni terapeutiche multiple, hanno contemporaneamente reso più complesso il momento decisionale. Quindi, in un’epoca di cambiamenti continui delle conoscenze scientifiche e delle relative applicazioni cliniche, appare cruciale un aggiornamento sistematico a partire dalla revisione puntuale della letteratura scientifica disponibile.

F Giorgino

Papers

La terapia del diabete mellito tipo 2 basata sulle incretine