This paper presents a comprehensive survey on the research of a specific topic in power system engineering, power system oscillation stability and control by FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission System) and ESS (Energy Storage System). The paper firstly reviews the problem of power system oscillation. Then it addresses the issue of analysis of power system oscillation, focusing on two of most commonly-used methods, damping torque analysis (DTA) and modal analysis. This is followed by an examination of research on damping power system oscillation, i.e., control of power system oscillation stability. Finally the paper reviews the most recent progress on the research topic, applications of FACTS and ESS to enhance power system oscillation stability. A comprehensive list of research publications (mainly journal papers) are provided at the end of the paper.

Power system oscillation stability and control by FACTS and ESS — A survey

To enhance the inherent damping of power systems due to generators and loads, a variety of stabilizer configurations can be used for the generators, static VAr compensators (SVCs), and high-voltage DC (HVDC) links. How the overall damping matrix is built up from these contributions is studied. This is used to develop a technique for systematic siting of damping equipment in power systems with several poorly damped modes in a given frequency window. This technique is applied to the NORDEL system. Special emphasis is given to handling very large systems, voltage-dependent loads, and alternative measurement schemes. >

Damping structure and sensitivity in the NORDEL power system

Dynamical analysis of voltage collapse in longitudinal systems

In this paper an efficient method of system matrix formulation for multimachine power systems with stator and damping windings transients included is presented. A singular perturbation analysis of the synchronous machine equations in the (d, q) reference frame reveals that reduced order linearized model of multi-machine power systems can be derived systematically from the fundamental machine equations. The application of the developed model in Small Signal (Dynamic) Stability Study of the power system of Serbia is given. The valuable discussion on the practical implementation of the models and dependence on the exciter type is given, too.

An efficient method of system matrix formulation for multimachine power systems with stator and damping windings transients included

This paper investigates the potential capability of recently proposed flexible power transmisssion device, namely, variable frequency transformer (VFT), to effectively mitigate low-frequency oscillations (LFOs). VFT with a high rotational inertia has an inherent natural damping capacity that may be utilized to attenuate power system oscillations. To provide additional system damping, a comprehensive approach is presented, which integrates the coordination of VFT with superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). An intelligently designed novel cascaded lead-lag fuzzy logic controller (CLLFLC) utilizing a global stabilizing control signal constitutes the supervisory controller for VFT and SMES. The stabilizing feedback signal that contains information about overall system dynamics can be easily obtained through wide area measurement systems (WAMS) and is determined using participation factor (PF) analysis. In addition, a newly developed optimization technique known as K-means optimizer (KO) is used for optimizing CLLFLC parameters utilized for the carefully orchestrated operation of VFT and SMES. Numerous simulation studies are conducted on two-area multigenerator interconnected network to validate the resilience of the suggested approach. The findings demonstrate that the proposed control strategy with optimized gain parameters efficaciously damped the LFOs. To show the superior damping effectiveness of the suggested KO-CLLFLC controller, a comparative performance evaluation with a damping controller designed on residue approach was also undertaken. 

An intelligent cascaded fuzzy‐lead‐lag‐based damping control scheme incorporating variable frequency transformer and superconducting magnetic energy storage in multimachine power system

Steady State instabilities cause problems in electrical power systems all over the world. Most of the time critical conditions have been undetected by planning and operational studies since the cost of studying the stability of all potential operational conditions becomes prohibitively expensive for large multimachine power systems. This paper shows how classical concepts and techniques can be used in simplified analysis of these systems. Synchronizing and damping torques are formulated in a simple matrix form that permits the exploration of system characteristics and weaknesses. A European power system is used as an example to show the qualities of the proposed techniques.

Steady State Instability: Simplified Studies In Multimachine Power Systems

A novel discrete model approach is presented for the integration of the differential equations involved in power system transient performance simulation. The models can be derived directly and analytically from the differential equations of the system dynamic elements, and the approach offers more precise and accurate solution than methods such as the implicit trapezoidal. Results obtained via the discrete model approach are compared with those using the implicit trapezoidal method and itemized breakdowns of the computational demands of power system simulation calculations are analyzed along with limitations on numerical stability.

F. M. Hughes

Papers

Steady State Instability: Simplified Studies In Multimachine Power Systems

A Discrete Model Approach to Power System Transient Performance Simulation