This study evaluates consumption displacement, the shift in consumption that occurs when consumers experience a change in the availability of goods, services and amenities to which they are accustomed as the result of an external event, and which is characterised by the points in space and time where consumption occurs and by the movements to, from, and between those points, that is occurring as a result of the effects of COVID-19 on the services sector in the Canterbury region of New Zealand.,Based on consumer spending data, the authors identify patterns of consumption displacement for the hospitality and retail sectors as defined by ANZSIC. We answer where, when, how, what and why consumption displacement happens.,The findings provide evidence of spatial and temporal displacement of consumption based on consumer spending patterns. Evidence of increased spending in some consumption categories confirms stockpiling behaviours. The hospitality sector experiences a sharp decline in consumer spending over lockdown.,Given the lack of studies analysing the impacts of crises and disasters on the services sector and consumption displacement, this study provides evidence of different forms of consumption displacement related to COVID-19.

Beyond panic buying: consumption displacement and COVID-19

Monitoring of transport infrastructure exposed to multiple hazards: a roadmap for building resilience

Mathematical modeling of interdependent infrastructure: An object-oriented approach for generalized network-system analysis

The role of transportation infrastructure on the impact of natural hazards on communities

Modeling Time-varying Reliability and Resilience of Deteriorating Infrastructure

Critical infrastructure and their provision of goods, services and resources to communities determine the well-being and economic prosperity of modern society. Critical infrastructure jointly opera...

Classification and mathematical modeling of infrastructure interdependencies

Critical infrastructure (such as transportation, water, electric power, wastewater, and telecommunications) provides the conveyance of goods, services, and resources to communities, which are vital for economic activities. Buildings, bridges, and other structures and components of the infrastructure might be subject to natural and anthropogenic hazards, which may lead to a reduction or loss of functionality of infrastructure. Businesses may experience disruptions because of (i) direct damage to the business properties and facilities, (ii) reduction or loss of functionality of the supporting critical infrastructure, or (iii) impact on social systems affecting the availability of the workforce at a specific business and supporting businesses as well as customers. Current approaches do not model the functionality of business properties and supporting infrastructure, generally obtaining only empirical estimates of business interruption losses. Such predictions might not be applicable to different businesses, supporting infrastructure, social systems, locations, and hazards; and they would in general not reflect possible changes in the built environment due to mitigation strategies and interventions. This paper proposes a mathematical formulation that overcomes the limitations in the current approaches. The proposed formulation models and quantifies the likelihood of business interruption with a ground-up approach by incorporating the dependency of business operations on physical structures, infrastructure and social systems. The paper illustrates the proposed formulation by investigating the business interruption of an example food retail store in Seaside, Oregon subject to a seismic hazard.

A ground-up approach to estimate the likelihood of business interruption

Physics-based fragility functions : Their mathematical formulation and use in the reliability and resilience analysis of transportation infrastructure

The resilience of a system is generally defined in terms of its ability to withstand external perturbations, adapt, and rapidly recover. This paper introduces a probabilistic formulation to...

Fabrizio Nocera

Papers

Classification and mathematical modeling of infrastructure interdependencies

A ground-up approach to estimate the likelihood of business interruption

Physics-based fragility functions : Their mathematical formulation and use in the reliability and resilience analysis of transportation infrastructure

Time-Dependent Probability of Exceeding a Target Level of Recovery

Probabilistic models of concrete compressive strength and elastic modulus with rubber aggregates