There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Nanoscale hydroxyapatite particles for bone tissue engineering

Synthesis methods for nanosized hydroxyapatite with diverse structures.

Neural networks

Scaffolds for bone restoration from cuttlefish

Processing and characterization of bioglass reinforced hydroxyapatite composites

Nano-powders of pure AB-type carbonated hydroxyapatite (HA) sized of ∼100 nm were successfully produced via hydrothermal transformation (HT) of milled oyster shell powders at 200 °C. Low production cost, worldwide availability and natural-biological origin of raw materials are important features of the investigated process. When fine shell powders were used, the transformation reaction from aragonite to hydroxyapatite was accomplished within about 24 h. Calcite, concentrated at the outer surface of the shells, was less prone to transform into hydroxyapatite under the investigated hydrothermal conditions, even after prolonged reaction time (72 h) or in highly concentrated phosphate solutions.

Faik N. Oktar

Papers

Scaffolds for bone restoration from cuttlefish

Processing and characterization of bioglass reinforced hydroxyapatite composites

Hydroxyapatite nano-powders produced hydrothermally from nacreous material

Sintering effects on mechanical properties of glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite composites

Plasma-sprayed bovine hydroxyapatite coatings