Soil Chemical Analysis

Nature And Properties Of Soils

The role of mycorrhizae and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in improving crop productivity under stressful environments.

https://bioone.org/journals/harvard-papers-in-botany/volume-13/issue-2/1043-4534-13.2.299/Flora-of-China/10.3100/1043-4534-13.2.299.pdf

Flora of China

Trease and Evans' pharmacognosy

The resource evaluation indicated that there were 111 species of 46 families including 39 Dicot (98 spp), 5 monocot (11 spp) and 2 gymnosperms (2 spp.). Family Asteraceae (11 spp.), Papilionaceae (10 spp.) and Rosaceae (9 spp.) were important families in number of species. The traditional uses revealed that there were 90 fodder, 52 medicinal, 40 firewood, 19 vegetable, 15 thatching/fencing, 13 timber and 9 fruit species. Two species including Haloxylon griffithii and Vaccaria pyramidata are used for making soap; while 4 species are used in basketry, 4 species are preferred furniture wood species and some 8 species are used for making agricultural implements. Further study is required to quantify the availability of traditionally important medicinally and forage plants and to suggest the possible management of the natural resources.

Traditional resource evaluation of some plants of Mastuj, district Chitral, Pakistan

Globalization interferes with infectious disease control at the national level while microbes move freely around the world, unhindered by borders, human responses to infectious diseases and are conditioned by jurisdictional boundaries (Stepanovic et al., 2003). According to WHO, important progress has been made in controlling major infectious diseases. About 43% of total deaths occurred in developing countries due to infectious diseases in recent years (Carballo et al., 2002). Similarly, freedom from insect infestation and contamination has become an important consideration in storage of grain and to maintain high quality food product by preventing them from attack of the most frequently invading organisms (Coolins, 1998). Nearly one thousand species of insects have been associated with store products throughout the world, of which the majority belong to Coleoptera (60%) and Lepidoptera (8 - 9%) (Champ, 1981). Some species of the plant family Polygonaceae were used in folk medicine. The leaves and shoots of

/pdf/antibacterial-antifungal-and-insecticidal-activities-of-some-19v5uw7hpi.pdf

Antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal activities of some selected medicinal plants of polygonaceae.

Proximate composition of proteins, crude fibers, fats & oils, moistures, ash contents and carbohydrates and different elements like C, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, P, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Fe and Br in some medicinal plants viz., Rumex hastatus, Rumex dentatus, Rumex nepalensis, Rheum australe, Persicaria maculosa and Polygonum plebejum of the family Polygonaceae is presented.

Nutritional and elemental analyses of some selected medicinal plants of the family Polygonaceae

The proximate composition and cell wall analysis of some fodder species from Harboi rangeland, Kalat, Balochistan was conducted at three phenological stages. It was concluded that grasses generally had more DM, CF, carbohydrates, NFE, NDF, ADF and hemicelluloses than shrubs while shrubs were generally high in ash, CP, EE, N, GE, ADL contents than grasses. There were insignificant differences in TDN, DE and ME between grasses and shrubs. Generally DM, CF, NDF, ADF, ADL, carbohydrate and hemicellulose contents increased with the maturity of plants; while ash, CP, EE, N and ME declined with maturity of plants. Some parameters like NFE, GE, DE and TDN did not differ among various phenological stages. The nutritive quality of forage decreased with the advancement of phenological growth stages in all analyzed plants. Across all the grazing seasons the forage for sheep and goats was generally deficient in most of the nutrients required for growth and maintenance. It is concluded that the poor livestock productivity in Harboi rangeland is partially due to insufficient amount of available poor quality forage that requires attention of the range mangers to improve the habitat and livestock breeds.

Nutritional evaluation of some forage plants from Harboi rangeland, Kalat, Pakistan.

Harboi rangeland Kalat, Pakistan, covering an area of 22351 ha, lies between 29 o N and 66 o , 45 to 67 o E. The altitude varies from 2900 to 3300 m with dry temperate climate. The active growing season lasts from April to October with seasonal and annual variation in rainfall and temperature. The precipitation is mostly received during winter from western depression. The area receives regular snowfall during winter. A study was conducted for two consecutive years to assess the seasonal availability, palatability and animal preferences of forage plants. It was observed that the seasonal availability of forage, palatability and preferences of goats and sheep varied in their botanical composition throughout the growing season. There were 129 palatable species including 50.4% (65 species) highly palatable, 41.1% (53 species) mostly palatable, 4.65% (6 species) less palatable and 3.87% (5 species) rarely palatable species in the area. It was found that in 99 species (63%) shoots/whole plants were used; in 30 species (19%) foliage/leaves were used while in 29 species (18%) floral parts were consumed. Goats browsed on 104 species including 60% herbs, 27% shrubs, 12% grasses and 1% tree species. Sheep consumed 98 species that included 54% herbs, 22% shrubs, 23% grasses and 1% tree species. The percentage availability of palatable species declined after October due to cold dormant season and this is the part of the year where livestock suffer the most. At this stage animal are compelled to utilize even non-palatable forage. Further study is needed to evaluate the nutritional and mineral status of some of the important plants. The rangeland has the potential for improvement provided proper ecological management practices and local participation of the community is involved.

Farrukh Hussain

Papers

Traditional resource evaluation of some plants of Mastuj, district Chitral, Pakistan

Antibacterial, antifungal and insecticidal activities of some selected medicinal plants of polygonaceae.

Nutritional and elemental analyses of some selected medicinal plants of the family Polygonaceae

Nutritional evaluation of some forage plants from Harboi rangeland, Kalat, Pakistan.

Seasonal availability, palatability and animal preferences of forage plants in Harboi Arid Range Land, Kalat, Pakistan