This article describes some of the major changes that have occurred in the university economics curriculum in Russia since 1989, with a focus on Moscow State University. The problems and possibilities relating to curriculum reform beyond the introductory course are considered, with the general observation that considerable time will be required for complete reform.

/pdf/from-marx-to-markets-reform-of-the-university-economics-4r4a04diw7.pdf

From Marx to Markets: Reform of the University Economics Curriculum in Russia

twentieth century provided no shortage of examples of the power of politics to corrupt science. Recoiling in horror from such perversions, many scholars argued with great fervor half a century ago that science was or should be inherently apolitical. Others insisted with equal vehemence that there was a necessary relationship between science and politics: science could only function properly within one unique form of political system, namely a democracy (see Hollinger, 1983, 1995). More than a tinge of wishful thinking lurked behind these analyses. No Maginot Line has ever demarcated where science ends and politics begins. The politics of knowledge has been a part of scholarly life since at least the age of Plato's Academyjust ask Socrates, or the twice-banished Aristotle. The present Bush administration, it is true, has expended more effort than most American predecessors to smear any distinctions imposing political tests on science advisers, censoring scientific reports to better reflect political imperatives but such clumsy cudgels should not mask more pervasive, if mundane, interrelations between the scientific and the political. To get a feel for the texture of the science-politics nexus, it may help to step back from present-day hectoring and examine episodes

The Physics of Spin: Sputnik Politics and American Physicists in the 1950s

Soviet Education for Science and Technology

This year's selective bibliography includes 419 citations from journals published in late 1990 and 1991. A number of mainstream comparative education journals had not published their 1991 issues at the time the bibliography was composed; articles from these issues will be noted in the 1992 bibliography. We are unable to include articles that are written in a language other than English because of space limitations, and we refrain from printing citations that express a North American focus, possess a limited comparative perspective, or are written for an extremely specialized audience. In compiling this year's bibliography, extensive use was made of data-based searching and the interlibrary loan facilities of Lafayette College. The facilities of the New York Public Library and the Lehigh University Fairchild-Martindale Library were also heavily utilized. The Review is especially indebted to the efforts of Vaswati Sinha, who as Bibliographic Instruction and Outreach Librarian for Lafayette College gave an enormous amount of assistance to the project.

Comparative and International Education: Bibliography (1991)

Rogacheva sheds new light on the complex transition of Soviet society from Stalinism into the post-Stalin era. Using the case study of Chernogolovka, one of dozens of scientific towns built in the USSR under Khrushchev, she explains what motivated scientists to participate in the Soviet project during the Cold War. Rogacheva traces the history of this scientific community from its creation in 1956 through the Brezhnev period to paint a nuanced portrait of the living conditions, political outlook, and mentality of the local scientific intelligentsia. Utilizing new archival materials and an extensive oral history project, this book argues that Soviet scientists were not merely bought off by the Soviet state, but that they bought into the idealism and social optimism of the post-Stalin regime. Many shared the regime's belief in the progressive development of Soviet society on a scientific basis, and embraced their increased autonomy, material privileges and elite status.

The Private World of Soviet Scientists from Stalin to Gorbachev

Soviet math and science educational reforms during perestroika

The Science Race: Training and Utilization of Scientists and Engineers, US and USSR.

/pdf/a-summary-report-on-the-educational-systems-of-the-united-12h1otp7kz.pdf

A Summary Report on the Educational Systems of the United States and the Soviet Union: Comparative Analysis. Revised.

Increasing economic constraints have forced the leadership of the Soviet Union to revise the strategy for developing the economy to support its military, economic, and political objectives. A key element within this revised strategy is a much greater reliance on intensive rather than extensive means of development. Growth will come through greater productivity due to more highly trained labor and better technology, organization, and management. An important component of the announced qualitative strategy for economic growth is an increase in the qualifications of the labor force, which is reflected in the educational system and the utilization of these human resources in the economy.

Education and human resources in Soviet development strategy

In recent years considerable controversy has been generated with respect to the possible leverage that the United States may have acquired by virtue of expanded economic relations with the Soviet Union. This article reviews the question and concludes that the benefits to the Soviet economy do, indeed, confer upon U.S. policymakers the potential for limited leverage over certain aspects of Soviet policy. Concrete steps toward the implementation of such a leverage policy, however, must comprise a sound strategic and tactical design—taking careful account of the limitations of such a policy, the U.S. and broader Western institutions to be employed, and the nature of the Soviet system which is being targeted.

Francis W. Rushing

Papers

Soviet math and science educational reforms during perestroika

The Science Race: Training and Utilization of Scientists and Engineers, US and USSR.

A Summary Report on the Educational Systems of the United States and the Soviet Union: Comparative Analysis. Revised.

Education and human resources in Soviet development strategy

The potential for U.S. economic leverage on the USSR