Francisco R.M. Laurindo

TL;DR: Evidence suggests that ROS production and oxidative stress are not only coincidental to ER stress, but are integral UPR components, being triggered by distinct types of ER stressors and contributing to support proapoptotic, as well as proadaptive UPR signaling.

TL;DR: It is proposed that a controlled decrease in ROS levels in the midgut of Aedes aegypti is an adaptation to compensate for the ingestion of heme, a pro-oxidant molecule released in large amounts upon hemoglobin degradation, which would represent a burden to the insect.

TL;DR: The results suggest that PDI closely associates with NAD(P)H oxidase and acts as a novel redox-sensitive regulatory protein of such enzyme complex, potentially affecting subunit traffic/assembling.

TL;DR: Increases in blood flow trigger vascular free radical generation; such a response seems to involve endothelium-derived superoxide radicals unrelated to cyclooxygenase or nitric oxide synthetase activities.

TL;DR: Redox effects of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), a thioredoxin superfamily oxidoreductase from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), are discussed, suggesting a convergence between PDI and Nox family NADPH oxidases.