Showing papers by "G.A. van der Weijden published in 1993"

The plaque-removing efficacy of an oscillating/rotating toothbrush. A short-term study.

Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to test the effectiveness of a new type of BRAUN electric toothbrush (D5) in comparison with the traditional BRAUN electric toothbrush (D3) and to a manual toothbrush (M). For this study, 60 dental students were selected who had no previous experience with the use of an electric toothbrush. The study consisted of 3 experiments. Prior to each experiment, all students were asked to abstain from all oral hygiene procedures for at least 24 h. In Exp I, the efficacy of toothbrushing was studied when one of the investigators brushed the teeth of the students. No toothpaste was used in this first part of the study. In Exp II, the efficacy of brushing was evaluated when the brushing was carried out by the students themselves. In Exp III, the efficacy of the brushing was studied after the students had received a professional instruction and oral prophylaxis. The available time for the brushing amounted to a total of 2 min per mouth. The amount of dental plaque was evaluated by means of the Silness and Loe plaque index at 6 sites around the tooth. Results showed in Exp I that both electric toothbrushes proved to remove significantly more plaque than the manual toothbrush (M 78%; D3 85%; D5 86%). In Exp II, no significant differences in plaque-removing efficacy were found between the 3 brushes (M 73%; D3 72%; D5 73%). In Exp III, the D5 proved to remove significantly more plaque than the other two brushes (M 77%; D3 77%; D5 83%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Validation of a 21-day, partial-mouth gingivitis model for evaluating chemotherapeutic dentifrices.

Abstract: The experimental gingivitis model has long been used to evaluate chemotherapeutic agents in mouthrinses. Only recently however has the model been modified to test undiluted dentifrices by using a toothshield both to apply dentifrice and to protect selected teeth from toothbrushing. This also enables participants to brush the rest of the mouth and avoid the unpleasantness of 3 weeks without oral hygiene. Because of its well-documented efficacy, chlorhexidine was used in a toothpaste formulation to investigate the validity of the partial-mouth, experimental gingivitis model for evaluating therapeutic dentifrices. Optimal gingival health was established in 88 adults, who then were randomly assigned to two equal groups. A toothshield was constructed for each subject to fit the teeth of one mandibular quadrant. During the trial chlorhexidine or placebo dentifrice was applied undiluted to the test teeth via the toothshield, which also prevented plaque removal during brushing of the remaining dentition. After 21 days, plaque and gingivitis had developed in both groups. However, the chlorhexidine group had significantly less plaque and gingivitis than the placebo group. No adverse soft tissue effects were observed. This study demonstrated that the partial-mouth, experimental gingivitis model allowed unhindered development of plaque and gingivitis that was comparable to whole-mouth studies in which oral hygiene was suspended for 3 weeks. By corroborating with chlorhexidine, it is concluded that this short-term clinical model is valid for evaluating the chemotherapeutic effects of dentifrices.