This article offers a broad review of research on the consequences of unemployment for families It discusses empirical studies of the spouses and the children of unemployed individuals Although there are some dissenting voices, most studies focusing on unemployment and families suggest that unemployed individuals and their families are exposed to many adverse events and circumstances However, it is not yet clear what role unemployment plays in this, and what is the significance of related factors

https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/375791

Unemployment and Families: A Review of Research

International literature on early-retirement decisions concentrates either on determinants of retirement attitudes and intentions or on determinants of retirement behavior. This study focuses on determinants of retirement behavior, analyzes whether retirement intentions are a proximate determinant of retirement behavior, and examines how a discrepancy between the two can be explained. Data have been analyzed from a survey conducted among Dutch civil servants who were less than 1 year from the moment of eligibility for early retirement. The authors conclude that the opportunity structure and the evaluation of the perceived consequences of early retirement are important in the early-retirement decision-making process. They also conclude that intentions with respect to early retirement only partly take into account the social consequences of retirement and the perceived social support of the partner.

Explaining Retirement Decisions of Civil Servants in the Netherlands: Intentions, Behavior; and the Discrepancy between the Two

In this paper we analyse early retirement for men and women focusing on family characteristics such as marital status, spouse income and wealth, and spouses’ labour market status. The female participation rate is high in Norway, implying that the country is particularly suitable for the study of gender differences in the early retirement behaviour. At our disposal we have administrative data that include information on individuals aged between 55 and 61 years in 1989. The individuals are followed until the end of 1995, with the aim of determining the predictors of different early retirement states. The results of a competing risk model indicate that women are less likely to take early retirement compared to men and that these differences are due to both different characteristics and different behaviour.

/pdf/gender-differences-in-early-retirement-behaviour-1mzlbvomze.pdf

Gender Differences in Early Retirement Behaviour

This study examines immigrants' identification with the host country. We use survey data of more than 1,700 Turkish and Moroccan immigrants and more than 2,200 natives in the Netherlands. We answer four main questions in this study. First, do immigrants have lower national identification than natives? Second, does the level of national identification differ between immigrant groups? Third, do economic and social integration similarly affect national identification among immigrants and natives? And fourth, what are important additional determinants of national identification among immigrants? The results show that, compared to Dutch natives, Turkish but not Moroccan immigrants have lower national identification. Being employed and socially integrated is associated with higher national identification among immigrants as well as natives, but only among immigrants is higher occupational status associated with higher national identification. For immigrants, Dutch language proficiency, perceived discrimination, and contact with natives proved to be important conditions for national identification.

/pdf/host-national-identification-of-immigrants-in-the-n0fda4jb2r.pdf

Host national identification of immigrants in the Netherlands

We derive hypotheses from popular accounts of how use of social media affects our strong ties. Several authors have suggested that social media use erodes our strong ties by increasing the volume of social interactions and decreasing their depth. Using two-wave panel data representative of the Dutch population between 15 and 45 years, we examine changes in the core discussion networks (CDNs) of 5312 respondents (with 10,896 relations). Contradicting an erosion of strong ties, we found positive effects of social media use on CDN size, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Social media use was positively related to talking to CDN members in our cross-sectional model. Finally, we found that the CDNs of frequent social media users were more dynamic than those of less frequent users: they are more likely to both lose old and gain new ties. This suggests that Internet use is associated with more, and more dynamic, social interaction.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1461444817724169

Does the rise of the Internet bring erosion of strong ties? Analyses of social media use and changes in core discussion networks:

In this article we raise the question whether there is a relationship between the labour-market status of partners in the Netherlands in 1985-6. Possible explanations for such a relationship are represented by three hypotheses, namely the shared restrictions hypothesis, the spouse selection hypothesis, and the influence hypothesis. The explanations mentioned are tested for four types of labour-market status, namely employed, unemployed, disabled, and doing housework. Our analyses indicate that a relationship between the labour-market statuses of partners does exist and that the hypotheses provide sufficient explanation for the observed (non)-employment homogamy. For disablement homogamy and (unemployment homogamy we find hardly any indication that shared restrictions, spouse selection, or mutual influence play an important role. After controlling for these possible explanations it remains the case that unemployed and disabled persons more often have an unemployed or disabled partner and less often have an employed partner.

Married Couples and Their Labour Market Status A Study of the Relationship between the Labour Market Status of Partners

Wave 1 and 2 of a panel study on an initial sample of 5312 inhabitants of the Netherlands, age group 15-45, with oversamples of the Moroccan and Turkish minorities. Data for Wave 1 have been collected in a mixed mode of face-to-face interviews and self-completion questionnaires. Data for Wave 2 have been collected in a mixed mode of face-to-face interviews and websurvey questionnaires.

The variables include family background indicators, socio-demographic and socio-economic background variables, social inequality, social cohesion and integration, a large set of values, norms and attitudes, and leisure time items.

Netherlands Longitudinal Lifecourse Study - NELLS Panel Wave 1 2009 and Wave 2 2013 - versie 1.1

The Life Course of the Low Educated in the Netherlands Since the 1950s

Wave 1 and 2 of a panel study on an initial sample of 5312 inhabitants of the Netherlands, age group 15-45, with oversamples of the Moroccan and Turkish minorities Data for Wave 1 have been collected in a mixed mode of face-to-face interviews and self-completion questionnaires Data for Wave 2 have been collected in a mixed mode of face-to-face interviews and websurvey questionnaires The variables include family background indicators, socio-demographic and socio-economic background variables, social inequality, social cohesion and integration, a large set of values, norms and attitudes, and leisure time items

The NEtherlands Longitudinal Lifecourse Study (NELLS, Panel): Codebook

Met data uit de eerste wave van de Nederlandse LevensLoop Studie (NELLS) vergelijken we Marokkanen, Turken en autochtonen (in de leeftijd 15–45 jaar) op een breed scala van sociale en culturele uitkomsten. De resultaten laten zien dat de gemiddelde Marokkaan/Turk traditioneler is dan de gemiddelde autochtone Nederlander. Dat uit zich zowel op sociaal gebied (meer familiaal) als op cultureel gebied (meer conservatief). De verschillen tussen eerste en tweede generatie immigranten zijn aanzienlijk op het gebied van waarden en normen, maar veel kleiner op het gebied van sociale kenmerken. Alle gepresenteerde verschillen zijn gecorrigeerd voor verschillen in opleidingsniveau, regio, urbanisatiegraad, leeftijd en sekse. Het NELLS werd mogelijk gemaakt door subsidie van NWO (via het Investeringen Middelgroot programma) en bijdragen van de universiteiten van Tilburg en Nijmegen. De tweede wave is voorzien voor 2012/2013.

/pdf/sociaal-culturele-verschillen-tussen-turken-marokkanen-en-5d9ckrddoe.pdf

G.L.M. Kraaykamp

Papers

Married Couples and Their Labour Market Status A Study of the Relationship between the Labour Market Status of Partners

Netherlands Longitudinal Lifecourse Study - NELLS Panel Wave 1 2009 and Wave 2 2013 - versie 1.1

The Life Course of the Low Educated in the Netherlands Since the 1950s

The NEtherlands Longitudinal Lifecourse Study (NELLS, Panel): Codebook

Sociaal-culturele verschillen tussen Turken, Marokkanen en autochtonen: Eerste resultaten van de Nederlandse LevensLoop Studie (NELLS)