Neonicotinoid seed treatments for managing potato leafhopper infestations in snap bean

BACKGROUND:Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) biotype B is one of the most important pests on cotton around the world. Laboratory, greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid seed treatments against B. tabaci on cotton.



RESULTS: Under laboratory conditions, the two treatments caused whitefly adult mortality, reduced oviposition and increased mortality of nymphs at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after germination (DAG). The longer the adults fed on plants from treated seeds, the higher the mortality. The two treatments did not have any effect on eggs. The efficacy of the treated seeds against B. tabaci gradually decreased from 10 to 40 DAG, being the lowest at 40 DAG. In laboratory experiments, the efficacies between the two treatments were similar. In greenhouse experiments, the two treatments were equally effective with lower numbers of whiteflies than untreated controls. With both treatments the concentrations of the active ingredient were gradually reduced with aging of the plants and from the bottom to the top leaves of the plants. Numbers of live whiteflies were well correlated with the dosage of active ingredients. Under field conditions, the seeds treated with both insecticides exhibited similar efficacy against B. tabaci for up to ∼2 months.



CONCLUSION: Cotton seeds treated with imidacloprid and thiamethoxam were effective against B. tabaci for up to 45 days under laboratory and greenhouse conditions, and up to ∼2 months under field conditions. Use of imidacloprid- and thiamethoxam-treated seeds can be an important alternative for management of whiteflies on cotton. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry

Effectiveness of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid seed treatments against Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on cotton

Impact of pesticide seed treatments on aphid control and yield of wheat in the Sudan

Background
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic exposure to imidacloprid (IM) insecticide on male testicular tissue, sperm morphology and testosterone levels in the serum of mature male rats.


Materials and methods
Animals were divided into and control-sham groups. The test group was subdivided into two groups of rats which were administered doses of 225 and 112 mg/kg IM per group. Each test group received the designated oral dose of IM once daily, for 60 days while the control-sham group received corn oil (0.2 ml/day) for the same time period.


Results
Clinical observations demonstrated decreased movement, staggering gait, occasional trembling, diarrhea and spasms in the test groups. No clinical signs were seen in control-sham rats. Light microscopic analyses revealed increased thickness of tunica albuginea, obvious edema in the sub-capsular and interstitial connective tissue, atrophied seminiferous tubules, arrested spermatogenesis, negative tubular differentiation and repopulation indexes, decreased Leydig cells/ mm2 of interstitial tissue, hypertrophy and cytoplasmic granulation of the Leydig cells, vasodilation and thrombosis, elevated death, as well as immature and decreased immotile sperm velocity. Hormonal investigations showed significant (p<0.05) decrease in serum testosterone levels. No hormonal changes were seen in the testosterone levels of the control-sham group.


Conclusion
The current data provide inclusive histological feature of chronic IM exposure in two doses with an emphasis on reproductive disorders including a histological adverse effect on testicular tissue, spermatogenesis, sperm viability, velocity and abnormality which potentially can cause infertility.

https://www.ijfs.ir/article_45815_7ef263ce0bda1d87e728415ccbb830b9.pdf

The effect of chronic exposure with imidacloprid insecticide on fertility in mature male rats

Insecticidal control of cereal aphids and its impact on the epidemiology of the barley yellow dwarf luteoviruses.

Imidacloprid insecticide, applied as a seed treatment, singly or in combination with fungicides (carboxin-thiram, triadimenol-captan, and tebuconazole-thiram), protected growing plants of wheat and barley from developing infestations of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) for 27-85 d after planting based on four greenhouse and four field trials. There were no compatibility problems in insecticide performance by combining imidacloprid with fungicides on the seed. Imidacloprid significantly reduced plant damage by D. noxia in all trials and increased yields in three of three field trials where plots were entirely infested. As a seed treatment, imidacloprid offers an environmentally safer approach to the control of D. noxia than is possible with wide-spectrum aerial or in-furrow granular insecticide treatments.

Compatibility of imidacloprid with fungicides as a seed-treatment control of Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) and effect on germination, growth, and yield of wheat and barley

G. L. Reed

Papers

Compatibility of imidacloprid with fungicides as a seed-treatment control of Russian wheat aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) and effect on germination, growth, and yield of wheat and barley