2 1 The innovative transport systems and the CityMobil project 10 1.1 The research questions 10 2 The state of art in the field of automatic transport systems 12 2.1 Case studies and demand studies for innovative transport systems 12 3 The design and implementation of surveys 14 3.1 Definition of experimental design 14 3.2 Questionnaire design and delivery 16 3.3 First analyses on the collected sample 18 4 Calibration of Logit Multionomial demand models 21 4.1 Methodology 21 4.2 Calibration of the “full” model. 22 4.3 Calibration of the “final” model 24 4.4 The demand analysis through the final Multinomial Logit model 25 5 The analysis of interaction between the demand and socioeconomic attributes 31 5.1 Methodology 31 5.2 Application of Mixed Logit models to the demand 31 5.3 Analysis of the interactions between demand and socioeconomic attributes through Mixed Logit models 32 5.4 Mixed Logit model and interaction between age and the demand for the CTS 38 5.5 Demand analysis with Mixed Logit model 39 6 Final analyses and conclusions 45 6.1 Comparison between the results of the analyses 45 6.2 Conclusions 48 6.3 Answers to the research questions and future developments 52

The European commission

General Topology-I

Everybody knows that digital technology has revolutionized our economy and our lifestyles. But how many of us really understand the drivers behind the technology – the significance of going digital; the miniaturization of electronic devices; the role of venture capital in financing the revolution; the importance of research and development? How many of us understand what it takes to make money from innovative technologies? Should we worry about manufacturing going offshore? What is the role of India and China in the digital economy? Drawing on a lifetime’s experience in the industry, as an engineer, a senior manager, and as a partner in a global venture capital firm, Henry Kressel offers an expert personalized answer to all these questions. He explains how the technology works, why it matters, how it is financed, and what the key lessons are for public policy.

Competing for the Future

Multinational enterprises and the global economy

The Concept of Corporate Strategy. Por Kenneth R. Andrews. Homewood, III.: R. D. Irwin, 1980 Revised Ed. xi, 180 p.; 24 cm. Incluye referencias e indice. ISBN 0-256-02371-9.

The Concept of Corporate Strategy

Several studies have been carried out in the past to find out how strategic planning and competitive advantage are connected and the causes of differences in competitive advantage among firms. Scholars have argued that competitive advantage can emanate from either internal or external sources and is usually in several forms which include; valuable resources, the position held within the industry, position within the marketplace, operating at lower costs than rival firms, differentiation, capabilities and dynamic capabilities. The debate on what causes differences in competitive advantage is still on. This study sought to establish the mediating influence of employee behaviour on the relationship between strategic planning and competitive advantage of large manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study was underpinned by the competitive advantage typology of Michael Porter, the resource-based theory, dynamic capabilities theory, and goal-setting theory. The study used a positivist research paradigm and a cross-sectional survey design. This was a census study from 124 large manufacturing firms in Kenya. Out of the 124 firms, data on strategic planning, employee behaviour and competitive advantage was collected from 122 of the firms representing a response rate of 98.4%. The data was interpreted using a 5-point Likert type questionnaire. The data received was analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Reliability tests returned an average Cronbach Alpha Value for the three variables that is strategic planning, employee behaviour and competitive advantage, of 0.86. Hypotheses were tested using both simple and multivariate regression analysis as well as hierarchical analysis for mediation. The findings indicate that overall strategic planning has a statistically significant influence on competitive advantage and that employee behaviour mediates completely the relationship between strategic planning and competitive advantage (R 2 =0.751, p-value<0.05). The study concluded that the relationship between strategic planning and competitive advantage is completely mediated by employee behaviour. The study further recommended that employees’ behaviour should be strategically aligned to the goals and objectives set in the strategic plan and that they should be committed fully to the ideals of the firm in order for the firm to attain and sustain its competitive advantage position. Keywords: strategic planning, competitive advantage employee behaviour, lower costs, differentiation, capabilities, dynamic capabilities DOI : 10.7176/EJBM/11-8-01 Publication date :March 31 st 2019

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The Mediating Influence of Employee Behaviour on the Relationship Between Strategic Planning and Competitive Advantage of Large Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

This paper examines Real Exchange Rate (RER) Misalignment on economic growth in Kenya by using Johansen Cointegration, and Error Correction Model Technique to establish the factors that determine equilibrium real exchange rate, calculate the real exchange rate misalignment as the difference between equilibrium and actual real exchange rate. Generalized Method Moments (GMM) technique was used to assess the impact of the real exchange rate misalignment on economic growth for the period of January 1993 to December 2009. Data for the study was collected from Kenya National Bureau of Statistics, Central Bank of Kenya and International Monetary Fund Data Base by taking monthly frequency. Thus, 204 data values were analysed, which assisted in evaluating the extent of the trade Kenya had with different countries and used in the construction of the Real Exchange Rate ( RER ). The results of the study on the extent of RER misalignment suggest that over the study period 1993-2009, Kenya’s RER generally exhibited a depreciating trend, implying that in general, the country’s economic growth deteriorated over the study period.

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The Impact of Real Exchange Rate Misalignment on Economic Growth; Kenyan Evidence

Ganesh Prasad Pokhariyal is professor of mathematics at the University of Nairobi in Kenya. He received his M.Sc.(Mathematics) and M.Sc.(Physics) from Allabhad University. He earned his Ph.D. in General Theory of Relativity and D.Sc. in General Relativity and Differentiable Structures from Ba?aras Hindu University. He has been teaching at Uni versity of Nairobi since February 1974. His research interest areas are General Relativity, Differential Geometry and Mathematical Modeling for Biological and Social Sciences. His many research papers are published in various international journals and is currently also involved in HIV/AIDS study and Economic Growth Modeling.

Model for understanding social problems in slums

Las variaciones en los parametros morfometricos del cerebro de los mamiferos pueden estar influenciadas por el proceso de complejidad funcional de la evolucion y adaptacion. Analisis comparativo de las mediciones lineales del cerebro en el humano y babuino han puesto de manifiesto las diferencias morfometricas. En este estudio las mediciones lineales del cerebro humano y babuinos (n = 10 cada uno) fueron utilizados para predecir los valores distintivos para el cerebro de humanos y monos babuinos y los parametros del cuerpo a traves de modelos de regresion multiple. El peso medio del cerebro resulto ser 2,08% y 0,84% del peso corporal de los seres humanos y los babuinos, respectivamente. La elasticidad de los modelos de regresion revelo que el aumento de una unidad porcentual en la distancia occipital-frontal (DE) aumentaria el peso del cerebro humano en 66,19%, mientras que el peso del cerebro babuino se incrementaria en 7,63%. El porcentaje de aumento en la altura de lobulo temporal (HTL) aumentaria el peso del cerebro humano en 16,28%, mientras que el peso del cerebro babuino aumentaria en solo el 0,28%. Si aumenta la distancia frontal-temporal (FT) se reduciria el peso del cerebro humano y babuinos en 14,04% y 0,46%, respectivamente. Tambien se preveen valores entre las especies a traves de tecnicas de simulacion, mediante el uso de proporciones de los parametros del modelo con la aplicacion del lenguaje de programacion Python. Los valores humanos de DE, FT y HTL resultaron ser 2,01, 1,55 y 1,91 veces, respectivamente con respecto a la de los babuinos.

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Ganesh P. Pokhariyal

Papers

The Mediating Influence of Employee Behaviour on the Relationship Between Strategic Planning and Competitive Advantage of Large Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

The Impact of Real Exchange Rate Misalignment on Economic Growth; Kenyan Evidence

Model for understanding social problems in slums

Regression and Simulation Models for Human and Baboon Brain Parameters

Global Knowledge and the Information Society: Illusion or Reality for Developing Countries?