Elements Of X Ray Diffraction

Review on titanium and titanium based alloys as biomaterials for orthopaedic applications.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21870764.2018.1539210

Rice husk/rice husk ash as an alternative source of silica in ceramics: A review

Effect of ZrO2 on dielectric, optical and structural properties of yttrium calcium borosilicate glasses

Ultrafiltration, which is currently considered as a standard method to remove excess water administered during pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), aims to minimize the adverse effects of hemodilution, such as tissue edema and blood transfusion. Three ultrafiltration techniques can be used before, during and after CPB procedures, including conventional ultrafiltration (CUF), modified ultrafiltration (MUF) and zero-balance ultrafiltration (Z-BUF). These methods are widely different, but they have common benefits on hemoconcentration, less requirement for blood products, and reduction of the systemic inflammatory responses (SIRS). The present review attempts to restate these ultrafiltration circuitries, application methods, end-points, and clinical impacts.

Current ultrafiltration techniques before, during and after pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass procedures.

Agricultural waste ashes are used as resource materials to synthesize new glass and glass-ceramics. The as-prepared materials are characterized using various techniques for their structural and dielectric properties to check their suitability in microelectronic applications. Sugarcane leaves ash exhibits higher content of alkali metal oxides than rice husk ash, which reduces the melting point of the components due to eutectic reactions. The addition of sugarcane leaves ash in rice husk ash promotes the glass formation. Additionally, it prevents the cristobalite phase formation. These materials are inherently porous, which is responsible for low dielectric permittivity i.e. 9 to 40. The presence of less ordered augite phase enhances the dielectric permittivity as compared to cristobalite and tridymite phases. The present glass-ceramics exhibit lower losses than similar materials synthesized using conventional minerals. The dielectric permittivity is independent to a wide range of temperature and frequency. The glass-ceramics developed with adequately devitrified phases can be used in microelectronic devices and other dielectric applications.

/pdf/agricultural-wastes-as-a-resource-of-raw-materials-for-5fkxmnymxe.pdf

Agricultural wastes as a resource of raw materials for developing low-dielectric glass-ceramics.

Over the past century, the world’s population has increased greatly. The growth in the population has increased the global food demand, so the food sector has increased its production. As a result of the increased production and consumption, a huge amount of agro-food waste is being generated yearly. Rice husk, wheat straw, sugarcane bagasse, corn husk, peanut shell, eggshell, are just a few examples of agro-food wastes. As these agro-food wastes and their by-products are left unused and unattended, their amount is increasing globally. It is imperative to find ways to put these wastes to environmentally viable use. These wastes find direct uses in biofertilizers, mud houses, animal feed, biofuel, and heat generation in small-scale industries, etc. After heat generation, ashes are considered as a secondary by-product, which can be used as a sustainable and renewable resource for synthesizing value-added products for various applications. This article presents a review of the traditional and advanced methods of utilizing these wastes in household applications, animal feed, fertilizers, fuel generation, pyrolysis, and for the removal of toxic metals from polluted water. These secondary resources can also be used in construction materials and for the synthesis of glasses and glass–ceramics, which can be used in bioengineering, optical, and dielectric materials. Agrofood wastes can be used as resource materials to develop modern materials with better properties instead of using minerals. This not only reduces the environmentand management-related problem of the wastes but also provides a sustainable alternative way to produce cost-effective value-added materials for the benefit of society. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Biomass as a sustainable resource for value‐added modern materials: a review

Optical and thermal properties of glasses and glass-ceramics derived from agricultural wastes

Present glasses are synthesized by the melt-quench method. The ashes of rice husk and sugarcane leaves are taken to synthesize the present samples. The eggshell powder is used to modify the glass-network and reduced the melting temperature of rice husk ash and sugarcane leaves ash. The as-quenched samples are characterized using different experimental techniques to study their structural and optical properties. The optical band gaps are found in the insulating range, i. e. 3.34–3.72 eV. The as-prepared glasses showed good luminescent properties due to some trace transition elements oxides present in the agro-food wastes. The agro-food wastes could be used as a resource and valuable materials to synthesize value-added engineering materials like glasses. The addition of eggshell powder into the main content showed the blue shift in photoluminescence spectra with enhanced intensity. This property may be exploited to develop UV–visible light-emitting diodes and some other non-linear optical devices.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10163-019-00839-z.pdf

Gaurav Sharma

Papers

Agricultural wastes as a resource of raw materials for developing low-dielectric glass-ceramics.

Biomass as a sustainable resource for value‐added modern materials: a review

Optical and thermal properties of glasses and glass-ceramics derived from agricultural wastes

Recycling and utilization of agro-food waste ashes: syntheses of the glasses for wide-band gap semiconductor applications

Antimicrobial and bioactive phosphate-free glass-ceramics for bone tissue engineering applications.