Device-to-Device (D2D) communication has emerged as a promising technology for optimizing spectral efficiency in future cellular networks. D2D takes advantage of the proximity of communicating devices for efficient utilization of available resources, improving data rates, reducing latency, and increasing system capacity. The research community is actively investigating the D2D paradigm to realize its full potential and enable its smooth integration into the future cellular system architecture. Existing surveys on this paradigm largely focus on interference and resource management. We review recently proposed solutions in over explored and under explored areas in D2D. These solutions include protocols, algorithms, and architectures in D2D. Furthermore, we provide new insights on open issues in these areas. Finally, we discuss potential future research directions.

A Survey of Device-to-Device Communications: Research Issues and Challenges

Standardization for wireless vehicular communication ensures, as in other domains, interoperability, supports regulations and legislation, and creates larger markets. For the initial deployment of vehicular communication, consistent sets of standards have been created, commonly named C-ITS in Europe and DSRC in the U.S., both relying on the WiFi standard IEEE 802.11. These initial standard sets specify vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication and enable applications primarily for driver information and warnings. The article provides an overview of the key C-ITS and DSRC protocols from a standardization perspective. The article analyzes automated driving as the potential new application domain for vehicular communication, discusses its requirements on communication, and derives potential directions for future releases of the vehicular communication standards.

Standards for vehicular communication—from IEEE 802.11p to 5G

Wireless powered Public Safety IoT: A UAV-assisted adaptive-learning approach towards energy efficiency

Technologies envisaged for a 5G communications system provide interesting prospects which are beneficial for co-operative positioning. Since 5G development is in the early stages, there is a unique opportunity to develop and integrate mobile radio based positioning technology in 5G from the beginning. In this paper we discuss 5G concepts to ensure seamless positioning by cooperative positioning. In cooperative positioning, mobile terminals (MTs) collaborate to help each other to determine their own position. We address key 5G prospects like smaller cells, higher MT densities and the capability of device-to-device (D2D) communication to enable cooperative positioning. By using the Cramer-Rao lower bound we investigate cooperative positioning performance for signal propagation delay based pseudo ranging in an exemplary typical urban environment. Numerical results for an exemplary environment have shown that with MT densities D > 1100 MTs per square kilometer sub-meter positioning accuracy with outage probabilities converging to zero can be achieved.

On prospects of positioning in 5G

Methods by which User Plane (UP) management information is exchanged between an Application Function (AF) supporting one or more applications and a Slice Management Function (SMF) configured to manage traffic flows in a given slice of the network. The exchange of UP management information may be initiated from either the AF or the SMF. In the case of AF-initiated information exchange, the UP management information provided by the AF may comprise traffic requirements of applications supported by the AF. In the case of SMF-initiated information exchange, the UP management information provided by the SM may comprise operator policy information or events, and the AF may respond with information of traffic requirements of applications supported by the AF.

Systems and methods for application-friendly protocol data unit (pdu) session management

Device-to-device (D2D) communications facilitate promising solutions for service optimization and spectrum/capacity efficiency in 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) networks. A key enabler for D2D communications and proximity services is the device discovery process. Currently, many aggressive peer discovery methods discussed in 3GPP could induce high energy consumption. Therefore, a critical objective in efficient D2D proximity service deployments is how to prolong the battery life time of User Equipments (UEs), by managing discovery cycles intelligently. In this paper, D2D discovery mechanisms discussed in 3GPP are studied in terms of energy consumption aspects. In particular, we consider an efficient D2D discovery mechanism that takes advantage of the concept of proximity area, a dynamic geographical region wherein UEs activate their D2D capabilities. The mechanism enables UEs to perform D2D discovery procedures only when there is a high probability to find other UEs subscribed to the same service. The energy consumption profiles of various discovery mechanisms are evaluated using simulations and the results indicate that significant energy savings can be obtained using the considered discovery mechanism.

Energy Efficient D2D Discovery for Proximity Services in 3GPP LTE- Advanced Networks

Device-to-device (D2D) communications facilitate promising solutions for service optimization and spectrum/capacity efficiency in the Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) networks. A key enabler for D2D communications and proximity services (ProSe) is the device discovery process. Currently, many aggressive peer discovery methods discussed in 3GPP could induce high energy consumption. Therefore, a critical objective in efficient D2D proximity service deployments is how to prolong the battery life time of user equipments (UEs) by managing discovery cycles intelligently. In this article, D2D discovery mechanisms discussed in the 3GPP are studied in terms of energy consumption aspects. In particular, we consider an efficient D2D discovery mechanism that takes advantage of the concept of proximity area (P-Area), a dynamic geographical region wherein UEs activate their D2D capabilities. The mechanism enables UEs to perform D2D discovery procedures only when there is a high probability to find other UEs subscribed to the same service. The energy consumption profiles of various discovery mechanisms are evaluated using simulations, and the results indicate that significant energy savings can be obtained using the considered discovery mechanism.

Energy-Efficient D2D Discovery for Proximity Services in 3GPP LTE-Advanced Networks: ProSe Discovery Mechanisms

A method for providing multicast/broadcast service continuity for mobile terminals in a radio access network, wherein said mobile terminals register with a base station of said radio access network regarding said multicast/broadcast service and wherein said base station transmits multicast/broadcast service related data as group communications to said registered mobile terminals, is characterized in that a mobile terminal performs multicast/broadcast service related radio measurements and that a decision on actions to be performed by said base station and/or by said mobile terminal for preserving reliable transmission/reception of said multicast/broadcast service related data to/by said mobile terminal is taken based on the results of said multicast/broadcast service related radio measurements. Related base stations and mobile terminals are also described.

Method for providing multicast/broadcast service continuity for mobile terminals

This application relates to a method for dual connectivity, DC, performed by a user equipment, UE, wherein said UE is in connected mode and is connected to a master evolved node B, MeNB, and connectable to a secondary evolved node B, SeNB, the method comprising: informing a communication system entity about DC support of said UE, and when the UE supports DC, receiving a connection reconfiguration message to change or split bearers from the MeNB to the SeNB.

Method, user equipment, master evolved node b and communication system for dual connectivity

This disclosure provides a User Equipment (UE), including: a transmitter configured to transmit at least one Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session identifier (ID), each of which indicates a PDU session that the UE needs to use in a Non Access Stratum (NAS) Service Request message to a Mobility Management Function (MMF) via an access network (AN) node when the UE has user data to send.

Genadi Velev

Papers

Energy Efficient D2D Discovery for Proximity Services in 3GPP LTE- Advanced Networks

Energy-Efficient D2D Discovery for Proximity Services in 3GPP LTE-Advanced Networks: ProSe Discovery Mechanisms

Method for providing multicast/broadcast service continuity for mobile terminals

Method, user equipment, master evolved node b and communication system for dual connectivity

Method for user plane connection activation or deactivation per session