Clinical Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL Conference

In 1991, the AIDS Task Force of the American Academy of Neurology published nomenclature and research case definitions to guide the diagnosis of neurologic manifestations of HIV-1 infection. Now, 16 years later, the National Institute of Mental Health and the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke have charged a working group to critically review the adequacy and utility of these definitional criteria and to identify aspects that require updating. This report represents a majority view, and unanimity was not reached on all points. It reviews our collective experience with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), particularly since the advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment, and their definitional criteria; discusses the impact of comorbidities; and suggests inclusion of the term asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment to categorize individuals with subclinical impairment. An algorithm is proposed to assist in standardized diagnostic classification of HAND.

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Updated research nosology for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders

https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(04)01593-8/pdf

Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: incidence and risk factors.

Cancer burden in the year 2000. The global picture.

/pdf/pathology-and-genetics-of-tumours-of-the-digestive-system-3xy9cwrc3c.pdf

Pathology and genetics of tumours of the digestive system

We analyzed survival and causes of death among 163 patients with primary hemochromatosis diagnosed between 1959 and 1983. The mean follow-up period was 10.5 +/- 5.6 years (+/- S.D.). Cumulative survival was 92 per cent at 5 years, 76 per cent at 10 years, 59 per cent at 15 years, and 49 per cent at 20 years. Life expectancy was reduced in patients with cirrhosis of the liver as compared with those without cirrhosis (P less than or equal to 0.05), in patients with diabetes mellitus as compared with those without diabetes (P less than or equal to 0.002), and in patients who could not be depleted of iron during the first 18 months of venesection therapy as compared with those who could be depleted (P less than or equal to 0.001). Prognosis was not influenced by sex (P less than or equal to 0.5). Patients without cirrhosis had a life expectancy that was not different from that expected in an age- and sex-matched normal population. Analysis of the causes of death in 53 patients, as compared with the normal population, showed that liver cancer was 219 times more frequent among the patients (16 patients), cardiomyopathy was 306 times more frequent (3 patients), liver cirrhosis was 13 times more frequent (10 patients), and diabetes mellitus was 7 times more frequent (3 patients). Death rates for other causes, including extrahepatic carcinomas (seven patients), were not different from the rates expected. We conclude that patients with hemochromatosis diagnosed in the precirrhotic stage and treated by venesection have a normal life expectancy, whereas cirrhotic patients have a shortened life expectancy and a high risk of liver cancer even when complete iron depletion has been achieved.

Survival and causes of death in cirrhotic and in noncirrhotic patients with primary hemochromatosis.

https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(96)00166-7/pdf

Long-term survival in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis.

When [14C]oleate-bovine serum albumin complexes were incubated in vitro with rat liver plasma membranes (LPM), specific, saturable binding of oleate to the membranes was observed. Maximal heat-sensitive (i.e., specific) binding was 3.2 nmol/mg of membrane protein. Oleate-agarose affinity chromatography of Triton X-100-solubilized LPM was used to isolate a single 40-kDa protein with high affinity for oleate. On gel filtration, the protein comigrated with various fatty acids but not with [14C]bilirubin, [35S]sulfobromophthalein, [14C]taurocholate, [14C]phosphatidylcholine, or [14C]cholesteryloleate. A rabbit antibody to this membrane fatty acid-binding protein gave a single precipitin line with the antigen but no reactivity with concentrated cytosolic proteins, LPM bilirubin/sulfobromophthalein-binding protein, or rat albumin or other rat plasma proteins. The antibody selectively inhibited heat-sensitive binding of [14C]oleate to LPM. Immunofluorescence studies localized the antigen in liver-cell plasma membranes as well as in other major sites of fatty acid transport. These data are compatible with the hypothesis that this protein may act as a receptor in a hepatocellular uptake mechanism for fatty acids.

/pdf/isolation-and-partial-characterization-of-a-fatty-acid-1dllohh0ud.pdf

Isolation and partial characterization of a fatty acid binding protein in rat liver plasma membranes

https://aasldpubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/hep.1840190312

Pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus in cirrhosis

▪Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic features, clinical course, and overall long-term survival of patients with Wilson disease. ▪Design:Retrospective cohort study with a mean follow-up pe...

Georg Strohmeyer

Papers

Survival and causes of death in cirrhotic and in noncirrhotic patients with primary hemochromatosis.

Long-term survival in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis.

Isolation and partial characterization of a fatty acid binding protein in rat liver plasma membranes

Pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus in cirrhosis

Wilson disease: clinical presentation, treatment, and survival.