Showing papers in "Gastroenterology in 1996"

TL;DR: Endoscopists can identify mucosal breaks confined to a mucosal fold and lesions that extend throughout the esophageal circumference and Complications of reflux disease can be reproducibly recorded.

TL;DR: Anatomic studies suggest that interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) may be pacemakers and conductors of electrical activity, and they respond to neurotransmitters.

TL;DR: Cirrhotics with increased portal pressure are at high risk of hepatic decompensation after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma, and surgical resection should therefore be restricted to patients without portal hypertension.

TL;DR: Prognosis of hemochromatosis and most of its complications, including liver cancer, depend on the amount and duration of iron excess, and early diagnosis and therapy largely prevent the adverse consequences of iron overload.

TL;DR: Estimates of cancer risk that may contribute to the appropriate management of gene carriers within families with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer are provided.

TL;DR: Female sex, relevant and severe postprandial fullness, and severe vomiting are independently associated with delayed gastric emptying of solids in patients with functional dyspepsia seen in a referral center.

TL;DR: The current literature strongly suggests that H. pylori eradication 4 weeks after therapy should be used as the primary efficacy end point for reduced gastric and duodenal ulcer recurrence for the purpose of clinical trial design.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that iNOS is induced in the inflamed human colonic epithelium and is associated with the formation of peroxynitrite and the nitration of cellular proteins.

TL;DR: Postparacentesis circulatory dysfunction is not spontaneously reversible and is associated with a shorter time to first readmission and shorter survival, and albumin is the best plasma expander to prevent this complication.

TL;DR: Both acid and DGER show a graded increase in severity across the gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) spectrum.

TL;DR: Findings provide plausible explanations for a variety of clinical scenarios ranging from inflammatory bowel disease to pseudo-obstruction syndromes and subgroups of functional bowel disorders.

TL;DR: The present concept of peptic esophagitis dates back to 1935, when Winkelstein suggested that gastric secretions were the cause of mucosal damage observed in peptic eosinophitis.

TL;DR: Results indicate that prostaglandins produced in normal gastrointestinal tissue and required for normal physiological functioning are derived from the PGHS-1 isoform.

TL;DR: COX-2 but not COX-1 gene expression is markedly elevated in most colonic tumors examined in azoxymethane-treated rodents, suggesting this enzyme may provide a target for chemopreventive strategies for colorectal cancer.

TL;DR: RER positivity occurs from an early stage of carcinogenesis in HNPCC but in later stages in non-HNPCC, and most H NPCC tumors may develop through different genetic changes from those in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, although a certain percentage develops through APC mutation.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship between hepatitis C virus replication, genotype, and the evolution of graft damage in liver transplant recipients with recurrence of HCV infection and found that acute lobular hepatitis was accompanied by a steep increase in HCV RNA levels and the appearance of core and NS4 antigens in the graft.

TL;DR: Dilated intercellular spaces are a feature of reflux damage to human esophageal epithelium as a morphological marker of increased paracellular permeability, its presence in patients without endoscopic abnormalities may help explain their development of heartburn.

TL;DR: Endoscopic therapy may be a viable management option for a subset of patients who remain symptomatic after an episode of acute pancreatic necrosis after the necrosis has become organized and partially liquefied.

TL;DR: Both TNF as well as IFN-gamma are critical mediators of liver injury in concanavalin A-treated mice, whereas hepatic DNA fragmentation and liver failure in the D-galactosamine models depend only on TNF.

TL;DR: Endothelin (ET) 1 may act as a paracrine and autocrine factor for activated HSC and contribute to the increased resistance to portal flow in cirrhotic liver.

TL;DR: The finding of biochemical and histological similarities between this nutritional model of hepatic steatosis with inflammation and alcoholic hepatitis indicates possible clues to common pathogenetic mechanisms and the relevance of this finding to human nonalcoholic steatohepatitis remains uncertain.

TL;DR: TGF-alpha may contribute to epithelial hyperproliferation and the increased risk of malignancy in long-standing ulcerative colitis and TGF-beta may be a key cytokine during periods of active inflammation, modulating epithelial cell restitution and functional features of cells within the lamina propria.

TL;DR: Polyps in patients previously diagnosed with hyperplastic polyposis were much more similar to serrated adenomas than to hyperplastics polyps and were characterized by large size, prominent architectural distortion, cytologically atypical nuclei, focal nuclear crowding and nuclear dispolarity, and rare upper zone mitotic figures.

TL;DR: IPT is a dysplastic and likely precancerous lesion that is frequently diagnosed as chronic pancreatitis and is separate from MCN and the treatment of choice whenever appropriate.

TL;DR: Increased expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases relative to interstitial collagenase may promote deposition of interstitial collagens in liver fibrosis, and studies further suggest that lipocytes are an important source of tissue inhibitor of meetallop Proteinase 1 and 2 in progressive Liver fibrosis.

TL;DR: Patients who smoke, particularly women and heavy smokers, run a high risk of developing severe disease and immunosuppressive therapy neutralizes the influence of smoking on surgical rates.

TL;DR: Age and type of achalasia seem to be important predictors of response to botulinum toxin, with about two thirds of patients receiving treatment, with a duration of response averaging 1.3 years.

TL;DR: MLH1-associated colorectal cancer has a natural history different from that of common sporadic coloreCTal cancer, and the better survival rates may be caused by the heavy mutation burden affecting mismatch repair deficient tumor cells.

TL;DR: Stratification of Crohn's disease by age at diagnosis provides support for the concept of genetic heterogeneity and is associated with more complicated disease and a greater likelihood of having affected relatives.