Crown ethers: sensors for ions and molecular scaffolds for materials and biological models.

There are not many data available on antibiotics used solely in animals and almost exclusively for growth promotion. These products include bambermycin, avilamycin, efrotomycin, and the ionophore antibiotics (monensin, salinomycin, narasin, and lasalocid). Information is also scarce for bacitracin used only marginally in human and veterinary medicine and for streptogramin antibiotics. The mechanisms of action of and resistance mechanisms against these antibiotics are described. Special emphasis is given to the prevalence of resistance among gram-positive bacteria isolated from animals and humans. Since no susceptibility breakpoints are available for most of the antibiotics discussed, an alternative approach to the interpretation of MICs is presented. Also, some pharmacokinetic data and information on the influence of these products on the intestinal flora are presented.

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Antimicrobial Growth Promoters Used in Animal Feed: Effects of Less Well Known Antibiotics on Gram-Positive Bacteria

Mycotoxins represent one of the important classes of naturally occurring toxicants in food, posing considerable health risk. Biological decontamination of mycotoxins using microorganisms is one of the well-known strategies for the management of mycotoxins in foods and feeds. Among the different potential decontaminating microorganisms, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactic acid bacteria represent unique groups, which are widely used in food fermentation and preservation. This review discusses the available literature on the mycotoxin binding by S. cerevisiae and lactic acid bacteria and the scope of developments in the field.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactic acid bacteria as potential mycotoxin decontaminating agents

Effects of active dry yeasts on the rumen microbial ecosystem : Past, present and future

Methods for preventing, decontaminating and minimizing the toxicity of mycotoxins in feeds

Synthesis of 2,8‐Substituted 1,7‐Dioxa‐ and 1,4,7,10‐Tetraoxaspiro‐(5. 5)undecanes by an Oxyamination Reaction.

Anodic oxidation of some aromatic gem-polysulphides results, unexpectedly, in chain contraction giving in dry solvents an α-disulphide or, in wet solvents, a thiosulphonate.

Georges Jeminet

Papers

Synthesis of 2,8‐Substituted 1,7‐Dioxa‐ and 1,4,7,10‐Tetraoxaspiro‐(5. 5)undecanes by an Oxyamination Reaction.

Chain contraction in anodic oxidation of gem-polysulphides