Pathology and genetics of tumours of the urinary system and male genital organs

Background. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is secreted exclusively by prostatic epithelial cells, and its serum concentration is increased in men with prostatic disease, including cancer. We evaluated its usefulness in the detection and staging of prostate cancer. Methods. We measured serum PSA concentrations in 1653 healthy men 50 or more years old. Those with PSA values ≥4.0 μg per liter then underwent rectal examination and prostatic ultrasonography. Ultrasound-directed prostatic needle biopsies were performed in the men with abnormal findings on rectal examination, ultrasonography, or both. The results were compared with those in 300 consecutively studied men 50 or more years old who underwent ultrasound-directed biopsy because of symptoms or abnormal findings on rectal examination. Results. Serum PSA levels ranged from 4.0 to 9.9 μ9 per liter in 6.5 percent of the 1653 men (107). Nineteen of the 85 men in this group (22 percent) who had prostatic biopsies had prostate cancer. Serum PSA leve...

https://www.nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.1056/NEJM199104253241702

Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer.

Prostate specific antigen: a critical assessment of the most useful tumor marker for adenocarcinoma of the prostate.

Serum prostate specific antigen complexed to alpha 1-antichymotrypsin as an indicator of prostate cancer.

Screening for Prostatic Carcinoma with Prostate Specific Antigen

Antiserum to a human prostate-specific antigen was raised in a rabbit and utilized by immunoperoxidase staining to evaluate its potential value as a diagnostic histologic marker for tumors of prostatic origin. All primary and metastatic prostatic malignancies reacted positively, whereas nonprostatic neoplasms did not stain with this procedure. This is the first immunohistochemical marker for prostate gland epithelium which does not represent prostatic acid phosphatase.

https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/1097-0142%2819810901%2948%3A5%3C1229%3A%3AAID-CNCR2820480529%3E3.0.CO%3B2-L

Gerald P. Murphy

Papers

Prostatic‐specific antigen: An immunohistologic marker for prostatic neoplasms