On trade-off for dispersion stability and thermal transport of Cu-Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid for various mixing ratios

Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Thus, nanotechnology provides an excellent opportunity to treat drug-resistant microbial infections. Numerous antibiotics have been used to inhibit the growth and kill of microbes, but the development of resistance and the emergence of side effects have severely limited the use of these agents. Due to the development of the nanotechnology, nanoparticles are widely used as antimicrobials. Silver and chitosan nanoparticles have antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial properties, and many studies confirm the antifungal properties of silver nanoparticles. Nowadays, the use of nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases has developed due to less side effects and also the help of these particles in effective drug delivery to the target tissue. Liposomes are also used as carriers of drug delivery, genes, and modeling of cell membranes in both animals and humans. The ability of these liposomes to encapsulate large amounts of drugs, minimize unwanted side effects, high effectiveness and low toxicity has attracted the interest of researchers. This review article examines recent efforts by researchers to identify and treat infectious diseases using antimicrobial nanoparticles and drug nano-carriers.

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Application of nano-antibiotics in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.


 The major and challengeable restriction facing coal power plants (CPPs) is the emission of polluting gases caused by burning coal. Therefore, adopting the reasonable and practical solutions toward mitigate the emission of pollutants is needful. The integration of renewable technologies and energies with such plants can be possible in achieving higher efficiency and mitigating emissions. In the current research, the thermodynamic assessment and analysis of pollutant emission reduction in a CPP using renewables is developed. In this regard, a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) and a solar farm (based on parabolic dish collectors, PDCs) are integrated with CPP. Developed CPP can generate electric power and domestic hot water (DHW). In addition to MCFC, two gas and steam turbines have been installed in CPP to generate electricity. The planned CPP is primarily coal-driven; however, it has been integrated with renewables units to reduce the environmental hazards caused by burning coal. According to the findings yielded from the simulation, the planned CPP has energy and exergy efficiencies equal to 72.5% and 43.85%, respectively. It was also estimated that CPP could generate around 205.5 MW of electricity and 1027.5 kg of DHW per second. Additionally, the amount of gases released from CPP was estimated approximately equal to 0.116 t/s. On average, the required number of collectors in solar units A and B should be almost 89.9 and 25.4, respectively. The performance of CPP when using Powder River Basin coal (PRBC) has been also compared with the performance of the plant when using petcoke.

Analysis of pollutant emission reduction in a coal power plant using renewable energy

Heat and mass transfer analysis of non-Newtonian power-law nanofluid confined within annulus enclosure using Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model

Computer simulation of Cu: ALOOH/Water in a microchannel heat sink using a porous media technique and solved by numerical analysis AGM and FEM

Statistical modeling and investigation of thermal characteristics of a new nanofluid containing cerium oxide powder

Nanofluids: properties and applications

This paper simulates a battery pack with 45 lithium-ion battery cells. As the coolant in the laminar flow range, the air fluid is responsible for cooling these cylindrical batteries. The battery cells are arranged in three different shapes, lozenge, rectangle and triangle. By changing the Re in the range of 500 to 2000, the temperature values of the battery cells and air, the drop in air pressure in the battery pack, as well as the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) between the battery cells and air have been studied for these three different models of battery cell arrangement. Investigations showed that increasing the Re decreases the maximum and average temperature of battery cells for all three models studied. However, the amount of pressure drop (∆Pa) has increased with increasing the Re for the three layout models. The triangular arrangement of the batteries together makes the maximum and average temperature of the battery cells lower than in other models, while the lozenge arrangement has the opposite effect. The triangular model had the highest ∆Pa and the lozenge arrangement had the lowest air ∆Pa in the battery pack. Triangular, rectangular and rhombic arrangement models have higher HTC values, respectively. Increasing the Re increases this coefficient but decreases the air temperature at the outlet (TOut). The rectangular model has the highest air TOut among the various models. 

Numerical study of lozenge, triangular and rectangular arrangements of lithium-ion batteries in their thermal management in a cooled-air cooling system

The present study simulates a solar thermal panel using the finite element method (FEM) in COMSOL Multiphysics. A cropper pipe of a water-Al2O3 nanofluid flow was used under a solar panel. A number of elliptic fins were attached to the pipe. The fins were holed and configured in three models. The system of the pipe and fins was placed in a chamber filled with CaCl2.6H2O as a phase change material (PCM) under the panel. The proposed solar system was used on a pitched roof to partially supply the energy demand of the Boarding clinic. The energy calculations were carried out in Design Builder. It was found that PCM began to melt at t=40 min. The fins with a central hole led to 10.4% higher melted PCM than double-hole fins at t=100 min. The centrally-holed fins minimized the output flow temperature. However, they also minimized the PVT temperature. It was also found that the proposed system could supply 9.11% of the heating demand of the building in the coldest month of the year. In hot months, however, up to 33.3% of the energy required to heat water could be supplied by the PVT + PCM system. 

Ghassan Fadhil Smaisim

Papers

Statistical modeling and investigation of thermal characteristics of a new nanofluid containing cerium oxide powder

Nanofluids: properties and applications

Numerical study of lozenge, triangular and rectangular arrangements of lithium-ion batteries in their thermal management in a cooled-air cooling system

Simulation of solar thermal panel systems with nanofluid flow and PCM for energy consumption management of buildings

Numerical study of anomalous heat conduction in absorber plate of a solar collector using time-fractional single-phase-lag model