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Analysis Synthesis And Design Of Chemical Processes

Terminology used for renewable liquid and gaseous fuels based on the conversion of electricity: A review

Multi-objective optimization of a sugarcane biorefinery for integrated ethanol and methanol production

Early-stage decision making approach for the selection of optimally integrated biorefinery processes

Comparison of extraction techniques for product diversification in a supercritical water gasification-based sugarcane-wet microalgae biorefinery: Thermoeconomic and environmental analysis

Ethanol production sites utilizing sugarcane as feedstock are usually located in regions with high land availability and decent solar radiation. This offers the opportunity to cover parts of the process energy demand with concentrated solar power (CSP) and thereby increase the fuel production and carbon conversion efficiency. A plant is examined that produces 1st and 2nd generation ethanol by fermentation of sugars (from sugarcane) and enzymatic hydrolysis of the lignocellulosic residues (bagasse), respectively. Enzymatic hydrolysis is a promising alternative for 2nd generation biofuels due to its high conversion efficiency and low environmental impact. In conventional ethanol production processes, electrical and thermal power is delivered to the system by burning parts of the feedstock to drive a steam based cogeneration cycle (between 400 and 800K). Introducing high temperature thermal power (at 800K) from a solar trough field coupled with sensible heat storage, for continuous operation, offers the opportunity to replace the heat generated from biomass burning, and thus increase the product yield. In this work, the potential for process integration of a solar trough field coupled with packed bed thermal storage to a 1st and 2nd generation ethanol production site is evaluated by means of pinch analysis. Decision parameters such as the solar fraction, the percentage of bagasse to 2nd generation, and the solar field size are optimized via multi- objective optimization based on evolutionary algorithms to maximize the carbon conversion efficiency and minimize the total annual cost for a plant located in Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.

Multi-objective Optimization of a Solar Assisted 1st and 2nd Generation Sugarcane Ethanol Production Plant

Catalytic hydrothermal gasification is a promising technology which allows the conversion of wet biomass into methane rich syngas. It consists of three major steps, in which thermal energy has to be supplied at different temperature levels, leading to multiple products, such as clean water, nutrients/salts and methane rich syngas. Microalgae have an important potential as a new source of biomass, principally due to the fact that they can grow much faster than others biomass feedstock available in nature. Considering the energy balance of the algae cultivation step, the gasification process and thecrude product upgrading step, part of the converted syngas has to be used to close the energy balance. In this context, solar heat can be considered as an alternative to replace the heat that has to be generated from product or crude product burning. This would lead to higher fuel production, higher carbon conversion efficiency and in general a better sustainable use of energy sources. In this paper, the goal is to show the integration potential of solar thermal energy use in the catalytic hydrothermal gasification of microalgae. In order to maximize the fuel production, thermal energy requirements of the gasification and SNG upgrading process can be generated in concentrating solar systems, coupled with thermal energy storage. This allows to continuously provide heat for the process at different temperature levels. A superstructure of design models will permit the estimation of the optimal size and integration of the solar utility for different process configurations. The optimal design configurations are evaluated by solving a multi objective optimization problem which aims at the maximization of conversion efficiency and the minimization of operating and total production costs. Copyright © 2013, AIDIC Servizi S.r.l.

Gianluca Ambrosetti

Papers

Multi-objective Optimization of a Solar Assisted 1st and 2nd Generation Sugarcane Ethanol Production Plant

Optimal Design of Solar Assisted Hydrothermal Gasification for Microalgae to Synthetic Natural Gas Conversion