Green concrete: Prospects and challenges

イコモス〔International Council on Monuments and Sites〕とその現状--理事会に出席して(国際会議)

Machine learning techniques for structural health monitoring of heritage buildings: A state-of-the-art review and case studies

Structural health monitoring (SHM) and Nondestructive testing (NDT) of slender masonry structures: A practical review

Sensitivity-based approaches to model updat- Q2 ing have become widely used because of their capability to calibrate the model by taking into account the influence of updating parameters associated to different structural elements. Global sensitivity analysis (SA) allows model updating to be carried out even in the case of elevated un- certainty about the material characteristics. Architectural heritage structures deserve specific attention on account of their intrinsic geometrical complexity and heterogene- ity. In this article, the concept of global SA is applied for the first time to complex monumental structures, and a comparative view is offered on more classical local sen- sitivity approaches. Different finite element (FE) calibra- tion techniques—via global and local SA—were applied to the intriguing case of the church of S. Maria del Suf- fragio in L'Aquila (Italy), severely damaged by the 2009 earthquake. The FE updating was based on experimental data acquired by a dynamic monitoring system. Finally, calibration strategies were assessed through time history analyses by comparing the responses to the recorded seismic event.

Global Sensitivity-Based Model Updating for Heritage Structures

Modern monitoring techniques contribute to accurately describing the structural health conditions of historical buildings and to optimizing the plan of maintenance as well as the restoring intervention. Particularly, dynamic testing gives knowledge about global structural behavior and can be used to calibrate numerical models and to predict the response to dynamic and earthquake loading. In some circumstances, vibration-based monitoring can also help in evaluating safety conditions. The present article proposes a discussion about the methodological multidisciplinary approach to modal testing when applied to architectural heritage buildings and structures, along with the description of selected case studies. These examples were chosen to cover the various issues connected to test design and interpretation.

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Vibration-based monitoring and diagnosis of cultural heritage: a methodological discussion in three examples

Fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete slabs for the maintenance of the Soleri Viaduct

As part of several schemes to restore and qualify a number of Italian industrial complexes dating back to the second half of the 19th century, this study analyses the type and structure of chimneys built between the 1870s and the first decades of this century, mainly in the Piedmont and Veneto regions. The analyses were carried out on three typical examples for which sufficient information was available, i.e.: a 55 m high double-stack chimney (in a water scooping plant in Codigoro, Ferrara); a 47.5 m high double-stack chimney (at the Luigi Botto & Figli woollen mills of Valle Mosso, Biella); a 35 m high double-stack chimney (Stucky Mills in Venice). The numerical analysis was performed with a FEM linear program. Among the forces taken into account, we should mention in particular the action of the building's "self-weight. The effects of wind, earthquake and temperature differences were also studied, on the basis of current Italian regulations. Accurate investigations were carried out to explain the onset of some of the most severe damages detected in the chimneys, i.e., the opening of cracks and the loss of verticality which were both frequently observed.

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Structural behaviour of ancient chimneys

This paper illustrates the results of a study conducted at the Structural Engineering Laboratory of the Turin Politecnico on the possibility of using composite materials for the restoration and strengthening of wooden structures of historic interest, a very large field of application, in Italy. In particular, the investigation focuses on the possibility of using FRP materials – unidirectional glass fibre and carbon fibre fabrics and carbon laminates – to repair the lesions caused by bending in wooden structures. By determining the elastic modulus of each beam in bending, it proves possible to identify the real contribution of the individual devices by comparing the conditions of the beams before and after the repair. The strengthening devices tested were of two kinds: • with the FRP reinforcement glued to the wood over its entire length, • with the FRP reinforcement glued to small zones, as needed for anchoring it in place and ensuring its continuity . The separation between the wood and the FRP reinforcement is prompted by the need to enable both materials to preserve their own properties. Some of these devices conform to the suggestions given in the CNR guidelines, others will be developed to propose alternatives to the current intervention modalities.

Giuseppe Pistone

Papers

Vibration-based monitoring and diagnosis of cultural heritage: a methodological discussion in three examples

Fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete slabs for the maintenance of the Soleri Viaduct

Structural behaviour of ancient chimneys

Strengthening of wooden beams with FRP materials

Le ciminiere in opera muraria