The present invention is directed to a process for amplifying any desired specific nucleic acid sequence contained in a nucleic acid or mixture thereof. The process comprises treating separate complementary strands of the nucleic acid with a molar excess of two oligonucleotide primers, and extending the primers to form complementary primer extension products which act as templates for synthesizing the desired nucleic acid sequence. The steps of the reaction may be carried out stepwise or simultaneously and can be repeated as often as desired.

Process for amplifying nucleic acid sequences

The present invention is directed to a process for amplifying and detecting any target nucleic acid sequence contained in a nucleic acid or mixture thereof. The process comprises treating separate complementary strands of the nucleic acid with a molar excess of two oligonucleotide primers, extending the primers to form complementary primer extension products which act as templates for synthesizing the desired nucleic acid sequence, and detecting the sequence so amplified. The steps of the reaction may be carried out stepwise or simultaneously and can be repeated as often as desired. In addition, a specific nucleic acid sequence may be cloned into a vector by using primers to amplify the sequence, which contain restriction sites on their non-complementary ends, and a nucleic acid fragment may be prepared from an existing shorter fragment using the amplification process.

Process for amplifying, detecting, and/or-cloning nucleic acid sequences

The present invention encompasses albumin fusion proteins. Nucleic acid molecules encoding the albumin fusion proteins of the invention are also encompassed by the invention, as are vectors containing these nucleic acids, host cells transformed with these nucleic acids vectors, and methods of making the albumin fusion proteins of the invention and using these nucleic acids, vectors, and/or host cells. Additionally the present invention encompasses pharmaceutical compositions comprising albumin fusion proteins and methods of treating, preventing, or ameliorating diseases, disorders or conditions using albumin fusion proteins of the invention.

Albumin Fusion Proteins

Arrays of protein-capture agents useful for the simultaneous detection of a plurality of proteins which are the expression products, or fragments thereof, of a cell or population of cells in an organism are provided. A variety of antibody arrays, in particular, are described. Methods of both making and using the arrays of protein-capture agents are also disclosed. The invention arrays are particularly useful for various proteomics applications including assessing patterns of protein expression and modification in cells.

Arrays of protein-capture agents and methods of use thereof

Genes coding for poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate were removed from Alcaligenes eutrophus H16 and cloned into Escherichia coli. Some of the clones produced PHB to 90% of the cell weight.

Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of the Alcaligenes eutrophus H16 poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate biosynthetic pathway

Promoters associated with expression of specific enzymes in the glycolytic pathway are used for expression of alien DNA, particularly yeast promoters known to provide high enzyme levels of enzymes in the glycolytic pathway are employed for expressing a mammalian protein, such as alpha-1-antitrypsin. The promoters include promoters involved in expression of pyruvate kinase, triose phosphate isomerase, phosphoglucose isomerase, phosphoglycerate mutase, hexokinase 1, hexokinase 2, glucokinase, phosphofructose kinase, and aldolase, as well as the glycolytic regulation gene. Particularly, the glycolytic regulation gene can be used in conjunction with promoters in the glycolytic pathway for regulated production of desired proteins.

Glycolytic promoters for regulated protein expression: protease inhibitor

Methods are provided for producing α-1-antitrypsin in host cells and for selecting transformed cells comprising the step of transforming the host cell with a DNA molecule comprising a gene which complements a deficiency in the host cell. The host cell is a strain having a deficiency in a function necessary for normal cell growth. The gene in the DNA molecule, such as a plasmid, which complements the deficiency serves as a selectable marker whereby the growth conditions for selection may comprise a conventional complex medium.

Stable DNA constructs for expression of α-1 antitrypsin

Methods are provided for producing sites specific mutagenized alpha-1-antitrypsin. Particular mutants are formed having a mutation in the active site of alpha-1- antitrypsin at amino acid position 358 and at amino acid position 342.

Site specific mutagenesis in alpha-1-antitrypsin

Methods are provided for producing protein products in host cells and for selecting transformed cells comprising the step of transforming the host cell with a DNA molecule comprising a gene which complements a deficiency in the host cell The host cell is a strain having a deficiency in a function necessary for normal cell growth The gene in the DNA molecule, such as a plasmid, which complements the deficiency serves as a selection maker whereby the growth conditions for selection may comprise a conventional complex medium

Methods for producing proteins and transformed cells, and DNA constructs for correcting host cell deficiencies and their preparation and use

Methods are provided for producing protein products in host cells and for selecting transformed cells comprising the step of transforming the host cell with a DNA molecule comprising a gene which complements a deficiency in the host cell. The host cell is a strain having a deficiency in a function necessary for normal cell growth. The gene in the DNA molecule, such as a plasmid, which complements the deficiency serves as a selection marker whereby the growth conditions for selection may comprise a conventional complex medium.

Glenn Hitoshi Kawasaki

Papers

Glycolytic promoters for regulated protein expression: protease inhibitor

Stable DNA constructs for expression of α-1 antitrypsin

Site specific mutagenesis in alpha-1-antitrypsin

Methods for producing proteins and transformed cells, and DNA constructs for correcting host cell deficiencies and their preparation and use

Stable DNA constructs