The present work studied the reuse of sisal fiber powder, contaminated by industrial oil, resulting from the activities of a Brazilian textile industry. With the objective of reusing the contaminated sisal fiber powder residue, harmful to the environment, this work evaluate the potential of the use this sisal powder as reinforcement in composites. Natural fibre reinforced polymer composites became more attractive structural materials due to their high specific strength, lightweight and biodegradability properties. The mechanical behaviour of polyester resin based natural polymeric composites, made by using experimental planning (granulometry of sisal powder, fiber content and with or without styrene). Thus, combination of analysis of variance (ANOVA), response surface methodology (RSM) and experimental methods allowed evaluated, analyzed and validated the mechanical properties. The results obted showed that the waste from the sisal industry exhibits potential application in reinforcing composite materials Thus, different values of mechanical properties can be obtained by different interactions of the entry variables. Thus, the condition that exhibited high results of mechanical behavior independent of the addition of styrene were the particle size and fiber content 1680 μm and 2.5%, respectively. Therefore, the best results were stress (0.59 MPa), strain (5.68%), tenacity (2.01 E-05 MJ/m³) and energy at break (14 J) for the composite reinforced with sisal powder.

Study of the reuse potential of the sisal fibers powder as a particulate material in polymer composites

Jute fabric samples were treated, with different formulations, using various proportions of bitumen emulsion and polyester (PE) resin in combined solutions. Styrene monomer was used as solvent, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide as cross-linking agent and cobalt naphtha as curing agent. The fabric specimens were immersed in the solution for 10–15 min, then pressed by a roller and dried at room temperature for 24 h. According to the percentage of bitumen emulsion and PE resin, the jute samples were obtained as J0 (untreated or raw jute), J1 (20% bitumen emulsion +10% PE), and J2 (10% bitumen emulsion +20% PE). It was revealed that tensile strength (TS) increased with bitumen emulsion and PE resin mixture treatment on both directions of jute fabrics where J2 showed the highest improvement of TS which were 61.4% and 44.7% for warp and weft direction respectively. Tensile strength (TS) decreased for all the samples in both directions after soil degradation. After 90 days, the untreated sample was totally degraded. Treated samples exhibited better stability than untreated ones in soil medium. Weight loss by soil degradation, moisture regain, moisture content and water uptake tests of the treated and untreated jute samples were also performed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was conducted to analyze the fiber surfaces of raw and treated jute fibers, finding significant differences as a result of treatment. Finally, the strategy of combining bitumen emulsion and PE resin for treatment, rather than using only PE resin, was found to produce a jute fabric which was not only better in all the above respects but also would be cheaper to produce.

https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/6/3/44/pdf

Effect of Bitumen Emulsion and Polyester Resin Mixture on the Physico-Mechanical and Degradable Properties of Jute Fabrics

ABSTRACT Agave fiber/polymer matrix composites have recently been used in automotive, aerospace, and construction field, where they will be secure for shape-made applications. Hand lay-up is used to make Agave and Glass fiber-reinforced polyester composites (A/GFRP), Agave fiber-reinforced polyester composites (AFRP), and Glass fiber-reinforced polyester composites (GFRP). The impact energy absorbed and tensile strength for A/GFRP material are higher than those for AFRP material. Drilling of GFRP, AFRP, and A/GFRP composites is carried out by using carbide twist drill D 5407060 of 6 mm diameter. Process parameters include two distinct speeds (800 rpm and 1200 rpm) and two distinct feeds (0.02 mm/rev and 0.04 mm/rev). The influences of processing parameters on thrust force and delamination while drilling GFRP, AFRP, and A/GFRP materials are investigated. For the optimum process parameter (feed = 0.02 mm/rev and 800 rpm) for GFRP, AFRP, and A/GFRP, the thrust force and delamination factor are limited at these feed rate conditions. In comparison to AFRP, delamination is minimum for A/GFRP drilled with carbide tools at lower feed rates as per microstructural examination. The Taguchi technique is used to determine the best feed and speed parameters for machining responses, and it demonstrates that acceptable values are achievable with A/GFRP.

Study on Machining Parameters and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Agave Sisalana and Glass Fiber-reinforced Polyester Composites (A/GFRP)


This study aims to reveal the consequence of thickness reinforcement on Fiber Laminates (Polyester Resin, Glass Fiber, Aluminum, and Bentonite) and to see if it can enhance the mechanical properties and resistance of laminates. Glass fiber reinforced polymer composites have recently been used in automotive, aerospace, and structural applications where they will be safe for the application s unique shape. Hand layup was used to fabricate three different combinations, including Aluminium /Glass fiber reinforced polyester composites (A/GFRP), Bentonite/Glass fiber reinforced polyester composites (B/GFRP), and Aluminium&Bentonie/Glass fiber reinforced polyester composites (AB/GFRP). Results revealed that AB/GFRP had better tensile strength, flexural strength, and hardness than GFRP and A/GFRP. Under normal atmospheric conditions and after exposure to boiling water, hybrid Aluminium&Bentonite and glass fiber-reinforced nanocomposites have improved mechanical properties than other hybrid composites. After exposure to temperature, the flexural strength, tensile strength and stiffness of AB/GFRP Composites are 40 % higher than A/GFRP and 17.44% higher than B/GFRP Composites.


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Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Properties of A/GFRP, B/GFRP and AB/GFRP Polymer Composites

Modern-day researchers and scientists indulge to develop green and biodegradable composites for causing a minimal impact on the environment. This progression ascertained the use of natural fiber composites, which are biodegradable, low cost, and less impact on the environment over the inorganic fiber composites. Sisal fiber is one of the natural fibers which are extracted from the leaf of the sisal plant. Sisal fibers are abundantly grown in the tropical and subtropical regions of coastal Andhra Pradesh, India. In this present study, the author explains the effect of mechanical behavior of the sisal fiber composites reinforced with different polymers. The influence of treatment of the fibers and its hybridization on the mechanical behavior and thermal behavior of composites is also explained.

Grain M. Munakaampe

Papers

Response of Natural Sisal Reinforced Polyester Composites to Three-point and Four-point Bending