Showing papers by "Gregory A. Kiker published in 2022"
TL;DR: The authors studied different diversity configurations of international research teams and found that most were formed to be efficient within budget, time, and personnel limits, without building an ability to recover from crises, i.e. inherent resilience.
Abstract: The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has impactśed all forms of global international engagement, inclusive of long-standing and recently formed research teams. Most were formed to be efficient within budget, time, and personnel limits, without building an ability to recover from crises, i.e. inherent resilience. Diversity and Inclusiveness, a requirement for resilient ecological systems, has only been discussed in a normative sense for teams of humans, including research teams. Studying different diversity configurations of international research teams will allow resilience-based tools and metrics to inform improved team design, implementation, and recovery to adverse events.
4 citations
TL;DR: This paper studied different diversity configurations of international research teams and found that most were formed to be efficient within budget, time, and personnel limits, without building an ability to recover from crises, i.e. inherent resilience.
Abstract: The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has impactśed all forms of global international engagement, inclusive of long-standing and recently formed research teams. Most were formed to be efficient within budget, time, and personnel limits, without building an ability to recover from crises, i.e. inherent resilience. Diversity and Inclusiveness, a requirement for resilient ecological systems, has only been discussed in a normative sense for teams of humans, including research teams. Studying different diversity configurations of international research teams will allow resilience-based tools and metrics to inform improved team design, implementation, and recovery to adverse events.
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors used the Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport as an example of how traditional approaches of hardening isolated components of critical infrastructure against specific threats leaves critical assets exposed to significant, expensive, and unacceptable levels of cascading failure.
Abstract: The Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport is used as an example of how traditional approaches of hardening isolated components of critical infrastructure against specific threats leaves critical assets exposed to significant, expensive, and unacceptable levels of cascading failure. Optimizing the entire airport supply chain requires the development of an interdisciplinary approach that incorporates the complexities of the airports' supply chain including numerous dependent, interdependent and independent relationships. Far greater return-on-investment will be yielded through resilience-focused approaches that address the entire life cycle of disruptions including planning, absorption, recovery and adaptation.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a multi-tolerance fuzzy goal programming (FGP-MT) model is proposed to overcome the limitations of single tolerance during FGP modeling (i.e., being unable to fit complicated multi-objective decision contexts and running the risk of missing better optimality).
Abstract: ABSTRACT The application of fuzzy multi-objective decision-making (F-MODM) to the optimization problems of renewable energy (RE) planning with uncertainties has become increasingly popular, although it is still rare in contrast to the use of traditional multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) methods. This study contributes to the domain of F-MODM modeling and the empirical applications of RE. Methodologically, as a recent trend to enhance the solution quality of fuzzy goal programming (FGP) in F-MODM is to introduce the “tolerance” (or admissible violation) concept to membership functions (MFs), this study proposes a novel ‘FGP-MT’ (multi-tolerance FGP) model to overcome the limitations of ‘single tolerance’ during FGP modeling (i.e. being unable to fit complicated ‘multitolerance’ decision contexts and running the risk of missing better optimality). The model is first verified using a numerical example from the F-MODM literature. Empirically, an application of the FGP-MT model is then considered for a SREPO (sustainable renewable energy portfolio optimization) decision, searching for the optimal electricity generation portfolio from multiple RE resources in Algeria for sustainable RE development, subject to the special preference structure of the decision-maker (DM) that involves manifesting two or more tolerances for a fuzzy goal. As the model performs well or even better in determining the most suitable SREPO decision under this condition, insights are gained for the studied case, and future applications of the model are therefore expected.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a framework that uses biodiversity as a criterion to address where to buy and how much to buy in a payment-for-environmental-services (PES) program focused on water storage service in the Everglades basin, USA is presented.
Abstract: Hydrological changes can lead to biodiversity responses that are complex and challenging to quantify. We present a framework that uses biodiversity as a criterion to address “where to buy” and “how much to buy” in a payment-for-environmental-services (PES) program focused on water storage service in the Everglades basin, USA. The PES program was designed to pay for added water storage on private cattle ranchlands by raising the spillage level in drainage control structures to reduce surface flows. We predicted that increased hydration of previously drained wetlands would benefit biodiversity, a previously unquantified but desirable co-benefit of the original program, and that a PES program offering bundled services (e.g., storage and biodiversity) can better achieve restoration goals. We quantified desirable biodiversity services (abundance of native flora and fauna such as cover of wetland and forage plants, and abundance of fishes, amphibians, and macroinvertebrates), dis-services (e.g., abundance of invasive plants and mosquitos), and hydrologic signatures (e.g., wetland water depth, inundation area and duration) at four ranches to develop eco-hydrological relationships (models) between hydrological changes and biodiversity responses. Next, a hydrologic model (MIKE-SHE/MIKE-11) was used to predict surface and subsurface water levels and flows and resulting wetland hydrologic signatures for 13 water storage alternatives on the ranches, which were used as example PES proposals. A decision-support-system (DSS) was developed to integrate (i) storage predicted by the hydrologic model, (ii) biodiversity responses predicted by eco-hydrologic models, and (iii) a user-defined preference scheme to assign importance weights to storage, biodiversity, and implementation cost. The DSS calculated a cumulative score for ranking PES proposals. By considering desirable services and dis-services, stakeholders can decide on their preferred level of services, e.g., buyer(s) may settle for less storage if there is a gain in desirable biodiversity. The DSS can identify trade-offs among services, helping stakeholders negotiate.
1 citations
TL;DR: The authors are grateful to Dr. Irene Vélez-Torres (Universidad del Valle) for her direct guidance, advice, intermediation with ASGM communities in Cauca, Colombia, coordination of field visits and other activities.